IM Gift Guide 2016 — Part One: Books

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IM Gift Guide 2016 — Part One: Books

If you haven’t made up your Christmas wish list yet, here are a few items we recommend for gift-receiving and giving this year.

The links in today’s post and in most posts throughout the year will take you to Amazon, where Internet Monk is an Associate. That means if you click our link to get to Amazon, IM gets a small portion of the proceeds of any sale, even if it’s not the item we linked. It’s a great way to support the site while getting great deals on merchandise.

We will start by giving our book recommendations for 2016.

• • •

Mere Churchianity: Finding Your Way Back to Jesus-Shaped Spirituality

We continue to recommend Michael Spencer’s book as a help to those who want to follow Jesus but question their relationship to the church which claims to represent him. This is a classic statement of life in the “post-evangelical wilderness” from the one who coined the phrase and lived there to tell about it. Michael will always be the Internet Monk, and this book captures the heart of what he wrote here on this site for many years.

He was a gift to all of us, and with his book, he keeps on giving.

 

Walking Home Together: Spiritual Guidance and Practical Advice for the End of Life

Chaplain Mike’s first book explores how one might begin to prepare to face the final season of life. It’s filled with stories from his experiences with parishioners and hospice patients as he takes the approach of walking alongside the reader and answering some of the tough questions we face when the prospect of dying becomes a reality.

As the seasons of our life change, and we come closer to home, CM’s book offers the kindness and counsel of a friend to help us navigate the journey.

 

The Between Time: Savoring the Moments of Everyday Life

Damaris’s delightful book will help you appreciate even more the gifts of perhaps our most talented writer on Internet Monk. She is certainly our most widely-traveled author, and here you will find intriguing stories from her experiences in many unusual and striking settings. For example, the chapter “How the Whole Town Threw Us a Wedding,” wrote David Cornwell in his IM review, “has the makings of a movie. Elements of the script would be as follows: The Peace Corps; a young couple; Liberia; jungle; theft; rain; mud; multiple religions and nationalities; and the inexperienced reverend.”

Damaris writes about nature, grace and community with the insight of an imaginative, yet thoroughly grounded pilgrim.

The Day the Revolution Began: Reconsidering the Meaning of Jesus’s Crucifixion

I am currently reading Tom Wright’s latest effort, which further refines his own “New Perspective” take on Jesus and what he came to do. It focuses specifically on the meaning of “the cross” as the central theme and symbol of the Christian faith.

I have no idea how he does it, but Wright (in my opinion) just keeps getting it right — righter and righter, in fact.

 

 

 

Accidental Saints: Finding God in All the Wrong People

Nadia brings radical grace Lutheran theology to the streets and to all kinds of people we might never suspect get it. And as I said in my IM review, this chick makes me want to be a real Lutheran (and even more so since pietistic types distrust her so much).

This is a magnificent book of stories, true tales of death and resurrection, failure and forgiveness, brokenness and renewal.

And yes, she curses — effectively.

 

 

The Sin of Certainty: Why God Desires Our Trust More Than Our “Correct” Beliefs

No Bible scholar today is making a bigger impact on my life than Pete Enns. I love his Bible teaching best, but The Sin of Certainty addresses an approach to the Bible and faith that, in reality, keeps people from truly trusting God in favor of holding correct beliefs.

Perhaps the way is made by walking, not through understanding as we normally conceive it. This is the theology of the cross and how it opposes one aspect of the theology of glory — an insistence on the “winning” quality of dogmatic certainty as the mark of strong faith.

 

Paul and the Gift

Okay, this one is for the serious student or theologian on your list. First of all, it is very expensive, and secondly, it’s long and detailed. But believe me, it is worth it.

Barclay is recognized by his peers as one of today’s most influential New Testament scholars. He suggests that people have often talked past each other about “grace” through the years because we focus on different aspects of this subject. Barclay tries to get to the root of Paul’s distinctive emphases with regard to grace that set him apart from his contemporaries and reveal the heart of his message. I’m still digesting this breathtaking work of masterful theology.

 

Hillbilly Elegy: A Memoir of a Family and Culture in Crisis

This one is on my own wish list for Christmas. Many have found help understanding what’s happening in our country today and how the recent elections could swing the way they did by reading this book.

The publisher writes: “Hillbilly Elegy is a passionate and personal analysis of a culture in crisis—that of white working-class Americans. The decline of this group, a demographic of our country that has been slowly disintegrating over forty years, has been reported on with growing frequency and alarm, but has never before been written about as searingly from the inside.”

 

All the Light We Cannot See

Here is our fiction recommendation. Anthony Doerr’s Pulitzer Prize winning novel is a fascinating, intricate tale of ordinary people caught up in the events of World War II, using the development of radio communication as a device to weave their stories together.

In a review in the Aspen Daily News, Carole O’Brien wrote this succinct yet apt description: “There is so much in this book. It is difficult to convey the complexity, the detail, the beauty and the brutality of this simple story.”

 

 

A Small Porch: Sabbath Poems 2014

Wendell Berry’s collection is our poetry recommendation for this year.

Because we all long for “beauty in excess of need.”

The world lives by its beauty in excess of need.
In excess of his absence,
he is here in the Sabbath beyond his reasons,
the Sabbath of measureless delight.

 

 

We recommend two older books for reading during this year of commemorating the Reformation’s 500th anniversary. We will mention more throughout the year, but these are basic and will give you a good overview at the start.

The Reformation: A History

First is Diarmaid MacCulloch’s masterful history. It is wide-ranging, richly layered and captivating, arguing what has now become standard interpretation: that there was not one Reformation but many, and that they owe much, not only to the religious reformers, but also to the Renaissance and a host of other changes that were taking place in Europe at the time.

 

 

 

 

Luther: Man Between God and the Devil

Second, by far the best and most engaging book about Luther that I have read. (Here is my IM review.)

Oberman presents a groundbreaking perspective that creates an indelible impression of Martin Luther as a medieval religious man, caught up in what he considered to be a profound battle between the forces of God and the Devil in the End Times. This is the “apocalyptic Luther” that many have under-appreciated. Such a view has great impact on our understanding about how Luther viewed his reform efforts and what he thought they might accomplish.

Thanksgiving Prayer 2016

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A Prayer of Thanks

Thank you, Lord,
In the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit…

For life itself, the gift I take most for granted.

For my baptism and introduction to the Gospel when, as an infant, all I could do was trust.

For my family and my ancestors.

For the blessing of being born and raised in a good, prosperous, and free land, as part of a generation that lacked for little.

For an incredible variety of friends and experiences over the years.

For the many ways you protected me during the foolishness of my youth.

For guiding my steps, though I have been almost totally clueless when it comes to making choices in my life; somehow a way has always appeared before me.

For my teachers, formal and informal, who have been second only to my family in shaping my life.

For a spiritual awakening in my teen years that kept me from being a statistic.

For my family — my wife, children, and grandchildren — in whom my heart delights and for whom it aches and breaks and prays each day.

For baseball, game of my life. (And oh merciful Redeemer, for the 2016 Cubs!)

For the Marx Brothers, Bogart, The Wizard of Oz, Woody Allen, It’s a Wonderful Life, and all the characters I’ve met and alternate worlds I’ve entered through darkened rooms.

For music, joy of my life.

For Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, and all my muses.

For a calling to ministry, the never-ending well of the Bible from which to teach, and the many opportunities to serve that have come my way.

For all the churches that taught me how to be a pastor more than I taught them how to be congregations.

For Luther, in all his tenderness and storminess, and his unyielding focus on Christ.

For Eugene Peterson, Henri Nouwen, N.T. Wright, and my brother Michael Spencer — faithful guides in the post-evangelical wilderness.

For the life-affirming privilege of working with the dying and their families with a team of remarkable people.

For hearing me when I pray Kyrie Eleison at the beginning of each worship service, and for Word and Sacrament to nourish me with all pilgrims as we journey on.

For one true holy catholic and apostolic church — even when it looks hopelessly shattered in a billion pieces.

For grace beyond measure, hope without end, and a Savior to whom none can compare.

Happy Thanksgiving, 

Chaplain Mike

• • •

And finally, God bless the Spencers, the Dunns, the Zehners, the Dyes, the Jepsens, the Stallards, and all the other families who have lent their loved ones to give their talents to working and writing for Internet Monk.

And thanks to our community of readers and commenters. I’m grateful for each and every one of you.

Mike the Geologist: On the Grand Canyon and the Flood (4)

Grand Canyon from Desert View 2. Photo by Felix Morgner
Grand Canyon from Desert View 2. Photo by Felix Morgner

Previous posts in the series:

• • •

The Grand Canyon, Monument to an Ancient Earth: Can Noah’s Flood Explain the Grand Canyon?
By Gregg Davidson, Joel Duff, David Elliott, Tim Helble, Carol Hill, Stephen Moshier, Wayne Ranney, Ralph Stearley, Bryan Tapp, Roger Wiens, and Ken Wolgemuth.

Chapter 8– “Solving Puzzles- Relative Dating and the Geologic Column” deals with the principles that geologist use to assign relative age to rock formations.  In other words what happened first versus what happened later.

Figure 8-1 from the book shows car, bicycle, and boot prints in sand.  Which was first and which was last?

footprints

Just as it’s obvious the car print is first then the bicycle print, then the boot print the geologic principles of relative dating are just as simple and straightforward.

superposition

The first principle is Superposition.  Assuming no disturbance, sedimentary layers are laid down in order of superposition, the younger on top of the older.  Geologists have to pay attention to disturbances, faulting can thrust older rocks on top of younger.  Superposition only refers to sedimentary rocks, igneous rocks can insert younger rock within older.  In the example above the oldest rock is the tilted layer all the way to the left.  The tilting event is older than the first limestone.  The red dike is older than the topmost limestone but younger than all the other sedimentary rocks.  What is the youngest feature in Figure 8-2?  We will discuss that below, see if you can figure it out.

The next is the principle of Lateral Continuity.  When we find places like the Grand Canyon where layers can be traced from one side of the canyon to the other, it is evident those layers were once continuous before they were separated by the incision of the canyon.  In other words the layers did not form on opposite sides of a pre-existing canyon.  What if a layer changes gradually from limestone to shale like the lowermost horizontal layer in the above example?  If you are able to observe a place where the change occurs then you know they are contemporaneous.  If not, sometimes fossils can help us recognize discontinuous outcrops of the same layer.

Which brings us to the next principle, the Principle of Faunal (and Floral) Succession.  Geologists noticed two centuries ago that different kinds of fossils consistently appear in the same sequence in different locations.  This was long before Darwin and any kind of evolutionary explanation, it was the observation of simple replacement of one group of organisms by another on a global scale.  The recognition of increasing complexity in both plants and animals came later.

The next is the Principle of Original Horizontality.  In the example above, when we find steeply tilted strata we know they first must have been deposited on a relatively flat surface or gentle slope, then hardened before uplift and tilting began.

The Principle of Cross-Cutting Relationships applies to all rock types.  Faults or dikes (magma intruded into cracks) must always be younger than the layers or features they cross.  A geologic contact is the surface along which one rock touches another.  An unconformity is the contact between sedimentary rocks that are significantly different in age, or between sedimentary rocks and older, eroded igneous or metamorphic rocks. Unconformities represent gaps in the geologic record; periods of time that are not represented by any rocks.  As the book points out:

Recognizing unconformities in the field is important because they indicate a significant disruption in the sequence of formation or deposition of rock units.  The disruption can represent large or small gaps in the time between rock layers.  Multiple unconformities in a sequence of rocks, such as the Grand Canyon, are impossible to reconcile with a single catastrophic event, which is why flood geologist work so hard at discounting the presence of all but the most obvious ones. (Chapter 8, p. 85).

So go back to the Figure 8-2 example and apply the principles:

  1. The layers beneath the Canyon were deposited horizontally and hardened.
  2. These hardened layers were deformed and tilted upward.
  3. The tilted and uplifted layers were eroded to a nearly flat surface, and later buried by the first two horizontal layers.
  4. Magma, forming the red dike, intruded into all the strata, and perhaps higher ones that later eroded away.
  5. Erosion removed all rock higher than the top of the second horizontal layer (known because the top of the red dike is cut off).
  6. The top horizontal layer was deposited.
  7. Magma again intruded from below and formed the yellow dike.
  8. The canyon was carved.

The book has a number of sidebars where controversies are discussed and encapsulated like the one below on “circular reasoning”.

circular

So the geologic column, of which a good part is seen at the Grand Canyon was developed and recognized before radioactivity was discovered based on these principles of relative dating.  As I said in my “Science and the Bible” series, of course, the geologic record is in no one place entirely complete for where geologic forces in one area provide a low-lying region accumulating deposits much like a layer cake, in the next area they may have uplifted the region, and that area is instead one that is weathering and being torn down by chemistry, wind, temperature, and water.  That being said, and contrary to YEC propaganda, there are 25 places in the world where at least part of the entire geologic column is represented, including North Dakota.  Oddly enough, most flood geologists accept the basic construction of the geologic column, they just try to fit it all into one year.

Chapter 9– “So Just How Old is that Rock?” is an excellent essay on radiometric dating authored by Roger Wiens, who wrote the classic paper for the American Scientific Affiliation, “Radiometric Dating- A Christian Perspective” (http://www.asa3.org/ASA/resources/Wiens.html).  Dr. Wiens has a PhD in Physics, with a minor in Geology. His PhD thesis was on isotope ratios in meteorites, including surface exposure dating. He was employed at Caltech’s Division of Geological & Planetary Sciences at the time of writing the first edition. He is presently employed in the Space & Atmospheric Sciences Group at the Los Alamos National Laboratory.  He wrote the first edition in 1994.  It was a smart move to get Dr. Wiens to write this chapter, he is an excellent communicator, a professional scientist, and a Christian.

All atoms of the same element have the same number of protons in the nucleus.  However, atoms of the same element can have different numbers of neutrons and we call those elements isotopes.  So for example carbon has 6 protons but can have 6, 7, or 8 neutrons.  Carbon with 6 protons and 6 neutrons is called carbon-12 (the most common and stable isotope); while the other two are carbon-13 and carbon-14.  The unstable isotopes undergo nuclear decay, that is, they lose neutrons.  The original isotope is called the parent and the decay product is called the daughter.  Radioactive atoms decay at a constant rate which is measurable.  The time it takes for half the parent to decay is called the half-life.  To quote from Chapter 9, page 90:

The simplest view of radiometric dating is that the loss of parent isotopes and gain of daughter isotopes indicates the age of the object.  For an igneous rock the “age” means the time since the rock crystallized from a magma, either inside the Earth or a part of a volcanic system.  Young Earth advocates frequently claim that radiometric dating doesn’t work because there are usually daughter atoms already present at the time the time the magma crystallizes- akin to having some sand grains already in the bottom of the hourglass when it is flipped over.  Scientists are well aware of this, however, and have discovered accurate ways to determine how many of the daughter atoms existed when the clock was started.  With this knowledge, scientists can determine rock ages properly.

Some Young Earth advocates insist on trying to use carbon-14 to date old rocks, coal, or diamonds, with meaningless results.  During sample processing, small amounts of radiocarbon are inevitably incorporated from the air in the lab, so a truly zero reading is never obtained.  Another reason for measurable carbon-14 in coal is that the coal also contains uranium and other radioactive isotopes.  The radiation they give off as they decay re-makes carbon-14 in the coal.  The assertion by flood geologists that “measurable radiocarbon” in coal and diamonds is evidence for a young earth is simply misleading.

Another popular example of the claim by YEC that radiometric dating is inaccurate is the Mt. St. Helens supposed “dating” of the 1980 ash as 300,000 years old.  They submitted a sample of the ash for potassium-argon dating, despite being warned by the lab that the lab was unable to analyze K-Ar samples that were too young. Think about it for a minute; the dating is based on the accumulation of daughter product, if the daughter product accumulation is too low (that is the sample is too young) it will be below the detection limit of the lab.  Another two critical pieces of information are deliberately left out by YEC.  One is it is common for fragments of old rock from the subsurface to become entrained in the upwelling lava.  Indiscriminate sampling of the lava ash could easily result in a mixture of new and old rock.  To quote from the book again (page 95):

The second piece of information left out is that the dating technique used (potassium-argon) has long been recognized by geologists to yield inaccurate results for recent lava flows- not because “they don’t give the right answer”, but because of known processes at work in this environment.  Methods such as argon-argon dating take these processes into account, and do in fact yield reliable ages (such as accurately dating the Mount Vesuvius eruption mentioned above).  Radiometric dating techniques are accurate.  This has been proven over and over again.

The book then cites two other examples of YEC misinformation in the Grand Canyon where they tried to sample igneous intrusions in the Hakatai Shale and the western lavas that poured over the rim of the canyon.  In the western lavas the YEC tried to use the isochron method which requires multiple sample from the same rock unit.  They used samples collected from 4 different flows, guaranteeing meaningless “ages”.

intrusion

Note in Figure 9-13 that loss of argon would make the rock look falsely YOUNG not falsely OLD.  The YECs don’t include the margin of error on the dates which if taken into account show the ages diverge by about 10%, hardly the wildly inaccurate readings they are alleging.

Since radiometric dating so conclusively destroys the Young Earth position, they have worked prodigiously to try and counter the science.  In 1997, the Institute of Creation Research (ICR) and the Creation Research Society initiated an eight-year research program to investigate the validity of radioisotope dating of rocks.  The project was named RATE for Radioisotopes and the Age of The Earth. In the RATE study, the authors admit that a young-earth position cannot be reconciled with the scientific data without assuming that exotic solutions will be discovered in the future.  No known thermodynamic process could account for the required rate of heat removal nor is there any known way to protect organisms from radiation damage.  The young-earth advocate is therefore left with two positions.  Either God created the earth with the appearance of age (thought by many to be inconsistent with the character of God) or else there are radical scientific laws yet to be discovered that would revolutionize science in the future.  The authors acknowledge that no current scientific understanding is consistent with a young earth.  Most laymen have difficulty in understanding the process of radiometric dating, which is how YEC are able to exploit that difficulty and spread misinformation and sow doubt in the minds of many Christians about the reliability of radiometric dating.  It really is a simple matter of standard, well understood, and well documented physics and chemistry.

In an article in the American Scientific Affiliation (ASA), the organization for Christian scientists, critiquing the RATE study the ASA says this:

 The ASA does not take a position on issues when there is honest disagreement among Christians provided there is adherence to our statement of faith and to integrity in science.  Accordingly, the ASA neither endorses nor opposes young-earth creationism which recognizes the possibility of a recent creation with appearance of age or which acknowledges the unresolved discrepancy between scientific data and a young-earth position.  However, claims that scientific data affirm a young earth do not meet the criterion of integrity in science.  Any portrayal of the RATE project as confirming scientific support for a young earth, contradicts the RATE project’s own admission of unresolved problems.  The ASA can and does oppose such deception.

This deception, this “lying-for-Jesus” really tempts me to anger.  I get being zealous to defend the Bible as “the Word of God” — I get it, I really do… But this crosses a line, a line those who profess to follow the One who is Truth, and in whom “no deceit was found in his mouth” (1 Peter 2:22 NIV) shouldn’t cross.

• • •

Photo by Felix Morgner at Flickr. Creative Commons License.

Ron Rolheiser on Gratitude


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Gratitude the Basic Virtue (an excerpt)
by Ron Rolheiser

There’s a Jewish folk-tale which runs something like this:

There once was a young man who aspired to great holiness. After some time at working to achieve it, he went to see his Rabbi.

“Rabbi,” he announced, “I think I have achieved sanctity.”

”Why do you think that?” asked the Rabbi.

”Well,” responded the young man, “I’ve been practising virtue and discipline for some time now and I have grown quite proficient at them. From the time the sun rises until it sets, I take no food or water. All day long, I do all l do all kinds of hard work for others and I never expect to be thanked.

“If I have temptations of the flesh, I roll in the snow or in thorn bushes until they go away, and then at night, before bed, I practice the ancient monastic discipline and administer lashes to my bare back. I have disciplined myself so as to become holy.”

The Rabbi was silent for a time. Then he took the young man by the arm and led him to a window and pointed to an old horse which was just being led away by its master.

“I have been observing that horse for some time,” the Rabbi said, “and I’ve noticed that it doesn’t get fed or watered from morning to night. All day long it has to do work for people and it never gets thanked. I often see it rolling around in snow or in bushes, as horses are prone to do, and frequently I see it get whipped.

“But, I ask you: Is that a saint or a horse?”

This is a good parable because it shows how simplistic it is to simply identity sanctity and virtue with self-renunciation and the capacity to do what’s difficult. In popular thought there’s a common spiritual equation: saint=horse. What’s more difficult is always better. But that can be wrong.

To be a saint is to be motivated by gratitude, nothing more and nothing less. Scripture, everywhere and always, makes this point.

For example, the sin of Adam and Eve was, first and foremost, a failure in receptivity and gratitude. God gives them life, each other and the garden and asks them only to receive it properly, in gratitude—receive and give thanks. Only after doing this, do we go on to “break and share” Before all else, we first give thanks.

To receive in gratitude, to be properly grateful, is the most primary of all religious attitudes. Proper gratitude is ultimate virtue. It defines sanctity. Saints, holy persons, are people who are grateful, people who see and receive everything as gift.

The converse is also true. Anyone who takes life and love for granted should not ever be confused with a saint.

Sermon: Though the Wrong Seems Oft So Strong

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SERMON: Tho’ the Wrong Seems Oft So Strong
Christ the King Sunday

Prayer of the Day

O God, our true life, to serve you is freedom, and to know you is unending joy. We worship you, we glorify you, we give thanks to you for your great glory. Abide with us, reign in us, and make this world into a fit habitation for your divine majesty, through Jesus Christ, our Savior and Lord, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, now and forever. Amen.

PSALM 46

1 God is our refuge and strength,
    a very present help in trouble.
2 Therefore we will not fear, though the earth should change,
    though the mountains shake in the heart of the sea;
3 though its waters roar and foam,
    though the mountains tremble with its tumult.
4 There is a river whose streams make glad the city of God,
    the holy habitation of the Most High.
5 God is in the midst of the city; it shall not be moved;
    God will help it when the morning dawns.
6 The nations are in an uproar, the kingdoms totter;
    he utters his voice, the earth melts.
7 The Lord of hosts is with us;
    the God of Jacob is our refuge.
8 Come, behold the works of the Lord;
    see what desolations he has brought on the earth.
9 He makes wars cease to the end of the earth;
    he breaks the bow, and shatters the spear;
    he burns the shields with fire.
10 “Be still, and know that I am God!
    I am exalted among the nations,
    I am exalted in the earth.”
11 The Lord of hosts is with us;
    the God of Jacob is our refuge.

• • •

All year long during this upcoming Church Year we will be commemorating the 500th anniversary of the Protestant Reformation, and I am going to try to take every advantage to talk about Reformation themes during my sermons.

So, for this Christ the King Sunday I will be preaching on today’s psalm — Psalm 46. This psalm was the inspiration for Martin Luther’s great hymn, A Mighty Fortress Is Our God.

Mark Galli is the editor of Christianity Today  magazine and a friend of mine. Several years ago he wrote a wonderful piece describing the background of the hymn, and I’d like to share it with you today.

It was the worst of times—1527—one of the most trying years of Luther’s life. It’s hard to imagine he had the energy or spirit to compose one of Christendom’s most memorable hymns.

On April 22, a dizzy spell forced Luther to stop preaching in the middle of his sermon. For ten years, since publishing his 95 Theses against the abuse of indulgences, Luther had been buffeted by political and theological storms; at times his life had been in danger. Now he was battling other reformers over the meaning of the Lord’s Supper. To Luther, their errors were as great as those of Rome—the very gospel was at stake—and Luther was deeply disturbed and angry. He suffered severe depression.

Then, on July 6, as friends arrived for dinner, Luther felt an intense buzzing in his left ear. He went to lie down, when suddenly he called, “Water … or I’ll die!” He became cold, and he was convinced he had seen his last night. In a loud prayer, he surrendered himself to God’s will.

With a doctor’s help, Luther partially regained his strength. But this depression and illness overcame him again in August, September and late December. Looking back on one of his bouts, he wrote his friend Melanchthon, “I spent more than a week in death and hell. My entire body was in pain, and I still tremble. Completely abandoned by Christ, I labored under the vacillations and storms of desperation and blasphemy against God. But through the prayers of the saints [his friends], God began to have mercy on me and pulled my soul from the inferno below.”

Meanwhile, in August, the plague had erupted in Wittenberg. As fear spread, so did many of the townspeople. But Luther considered it his duty to remain and care for the sick. Even though his wife was pregnant, Luther’s house was transformed into a hospital, and he watched many friends die. Then his son became ill. Not until late November did the epidemic abate and the ill begin to recover.

During that horrific year, Luther took time to remember the tenth anniversary of his publication against indulgences, noting the deeper meaning of his trials: “The only comfort against raging Satan is that we have God’s Word to save the souls of believers.” Sometime that year, Luther expanded that thought into the hymn he is most famous for: “A Mighty Fortress Is Our God.”

I hope you will remember that background when you sing A Mighty Fortress. It reminds us that this hymn is more than great poetry and stirring music. It came from the battles of Martin Luther’s life, from a year in which he experienced fear, distress, and dismay. It must have seemed at times in 1527 that the world was spinning out of control. But in that very context, the words of Psalm 46 were there to strengthen the reformer and give birth to the hymn we still treasure today. This psalm and Luther’s hymn remind us that, in the words of another hymn writer: “Tho’ the wrong seems oft’ so strong, God is the Ruler yet.”

Psalm 46 is a psalm of trust. In striking metaphorical language it calls us to believe that God is our refuge and that no ultimate harm will befall us, even if the whole world should fall apart.

You read this psalm, as we did this morning, and you see spectacular events portrayed — mountains come crashing down, the seas turns into a roiling tsunami, nations rise up and go to war, kingdoms topple, stretches of earth burn and become desolate. It’s like a special effects blockbuster movie!

And it’s right there, in the middle of all the chaos, the dazzling explosions, the deafening roar, when God stands up and thunders, “BE QUIET! BE STILL!”

And then there’s complete silence….

God speaks again, “I WILL BE EXALTED!” — in other words, “I’m the one in charge here!”

And at that word, the wars cease, the commotion dies down, and there is peace.

It reminds me of the disciples and their experience with Jesus on the Sea of Galilee, which I’m sure you remember. In the midst of a storm, out on the sea in that flimsy fishing boat where they feared for their lives, Jesus stood up and said, “Peace! Be still!” and the wind and the waves immediately became calm.

It’s like when someone is panicking and out of control and freaking out. A friend grabs him by the shoulders, looks him straight in the eye, and says, “Look at me! Stop! I’m here! You’re okay!” He hugs his friend close and tight until the fear subsides. By his firm grip and direct words, he takes charge of the situation and helps his friend calm down.

In the same way, Psalm 46 says, “The Lord of hosts is with us; the God of Jacob is our refuge.” He is present, a “very present” help when we need help. He’s there to take hold us, to embrace us, to hold us close and tight, to allay our fears. How many times did Jesus need to do this for his disciples? How many times did he have to say, “Fear not!”

Have any of you been to New York City? In lower Manhattan, there is a tiny historic church called St. Paul’s Chapel. It is right near Ground Zero, where the Twin Towers fell. On Sept. 11, 2001, when those magnificent buildings crashed to the ground in a spectacle the likes of which few of us had ever seen before, somehow the little chapel was protected from damage.

It’s a beautiful church and a major tourist attraction. George Washington once prayed there. But it’s just a tiny chapel. On 9/11 it served as a place of rest for rescue workers — in fact, I understand that the marks from firefighters’ boots and equipment are still visible on the pews. But it could only do so because on that day it survived in what seemed to many like a miraculous intervention by God.

The chapel is located just steps from Ground Zero. And yet when the buildings fell right next to it, it kept standing without a scratch. No broken windows. Even the steeple remained intact. Only one tree -– a nearly 100-year-old sycamore in the church yard -– fell. And it was that tree that saved the chapel. It prevented a huge steel beam from smashing the 235-year-old church to splinters.

What is even more amazing is that this was not the first time St. Paul’s Chapel experienced such a remarkable deliverance. The chapel also stood unscathed during the Great Fire of 1776, even when Trinity Church -– located just a few blocks down on Broadway -– was ruined.

Twice, when the world crumbled all around, St. Paul’s Chapel found that God was with her, a very present help in time of trouble. Her refuge and strength.

Almost every time I pray with one of my hospice patients and families, I pray that they will know God in this way — as their refuge and strength, a very present help in time of trouble. And then in my prayer I add words that come from the NT equivalent of this psalm, from Romans 8: “And Lord, help them to know that you will never leave them or forsake them, that there is nothing in all creation that can ever separate us from your love.”

Psalms like this are meant to inspire us, to hearten us, to ground us in a Deeper Reality when it feels like life is taking us on a bumpy and scary roller coaster ride. It might not always feel like God is with us, and we might wonder sometimes if it’s all falling apart and the whole world is going to go careening off to crash into the ground.

But here are a few handles you can grab onto as you hang on for dear life:

God is our refuge and strength
A very present help in time of trouble.

The Lord of hosts is with us
The God of Jacob is our refuge.

Nothing, nothing, NOTHING can ever separate us from his love.

Pic & Poem of the Week: November 20, 2016

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Lake Radner at Thanksgiving Time

(Click on picture for larger image)

• • •

Living Water

The green water of the pond is bumpy with fish
Whose round mouths snap at flies stuck
In the spider webs strung between rushes –

Wet spider webs drooping with dew,
Trembling in the morning light until
The sky darkens and drops fall, dimpling the water.

Drops turn to torrents. The fish dive to resist the draw of water
Cascading over the edge of the pond and down the slope
To stir the stream from its dreaming among the rocks.

The stream swells to a brown torrent,
Proud in its tumbled stones and torn branches
Until it slips unnoticed into the river –

The river that has swept the life of a continent into its arms
And bears its riches to the wild and open shore
To lay them at the feet of the ocean:

Ocean – salt, strong, its surface of shifting mountains;
Cold depths below swell slowly into the sunlight,
Tossing spray and mist into the moist air. Water rises into clouds,

Clouds that hover over the green fishpond.
A drop falls, ripples spread, rocking the rushes:
Beauty, baptism, blessing.

♒︎

By Damaris Zehner

Saturday Ramblings: November 19, 2016

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RAMBLER OF THE WEEK

Our Rambler of the Week award goes to Congressman John Lewis, who was awarded the National Book Award, honoring his graphic novel for young people, called March: Book Three. the final installment in his trilogy about his firsthand experiences in the Civil Rights Movement.

Lewis has been called “one of the most courageous persons the Civil Rights Movement ever produced.” He was born the son of sharecroppers on February 21, 1940, outside of Troy, Alabama.  He grew up on his family’s farm and attended segregated public schools in Pike County, Alabama.  As a young boy, he was inspired by the activism surrounding the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the words of the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., which he heard on radio broadcasts.  In those pivotal moments, he made a decision to become a part of the Civil Rights Movement.

Hosea Williams, another notable Civil Rights leader, and John Lewis led over 600 peaceful, orderly protestors across the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama on March 7, 1965.  They intended to march from Selma to Montgomery to demonstrate the need for voting rights in the state.  The marchers were attacked by Alabama state troopers in a brutal confrontation that became known as “Bloody Sunday.”  News broadcasts and photographs revealing the senseless cruelty of the segregated South helped hasten the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

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In a moment of satisfying justice, Lewis received his Book Award at the same library he and his family were prohibited from using when he was a child because it was limited to white members. Here’s what Lewis said at his award ceremony:

Thank you. This is unreal. This is unbelievable. Some of you know I grew up in rural Alabama very, very poor – very few books in our home. And I remember in 1956, when I was 16 years old, with some of my brothers and sisters and cousins, going down to the public library, trying to get a library card. And we were told that the library was for whites only and not for colors. And to come here, receive this award, this honor – it’s too much.

Here’s an interview with John Lewis on NPR.

John Lewis, our Rambler of the Week and true American hero.

• • •

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RETAILERS CLOSING ON THANKSGIVING

The New York Times reports —

After spending several years rushing to open their doors on Thanksgiving Day, retailers have been hit with a dose of reality: It may not be worth it.

Office Depot, Mall of America and the electronics store HHGregg have all announced they will be closed on Thanksgiving. Other retailers like Sears will open fewer stores, and of the locations that do open, many will have shorter hours.

The companies give different reasons for the shift — employees should be able to spend time with family, for one — but the overriding message is clear: For some retailers, opening on Thanksgiving is too much of a headache.

“Those who have opened on Thanksgiving Day have come to recognize that you don’t need to open that early to drive the kind of sales you need,” said Wendy Liebmann, the chief executive of the consulting firm WSL Strategic Retail.

Here’s a list of 35 retailers that won’t be opening on the Thanksgiving holiday.

Print

• • •

QUESTIONS OF THE WEEK

Is the Pope Catholic?

Is the gospel identical with the Protestant doctrine of salvation? Or is the gospel a message about God’s Son that Protestants and Catholics affirm together?

When it comes to music, what’s “Christian” enough?

Can science save the world?

Christianity: a “box” or a “path”?

Do elephants have souls?

How might Jonah have survived within the fish’s belly?

Did prophecy play a role in the 2016 election?

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“What time did you say you wanted me to start drinking?”

• • •

DEATH OF A SONGLEADER

86d-3294-10Cliff Barrows, who led songs for evangelist Billy Graham for six decades, died this past week at 93 years old.

Barrows led the mass choirs at Graham’s crusades, sang on occasion with Shea and was the weekly host/announcer for Graham’s “Hour of Decision” radio broadcast. Barrows was inducted into the Gospel Music Hall of Fame in 1988 and into the National Religious Broadcasters Hall of Famein 1996.

“His uncanny ability to lead a Crusade choir of thousands of voices or an audience of a hundred thousand voices in a great hymn or Gospel chorus is absolutely unparalleled,” Graham wrote in his autobiography, “Just As I Am.”

Graham and Barrows met in 1945 at a Youth for Christ event when Graham’s regular songleader couldn’t make it. Barrows and his wife Billie were a young couple on their honeymoon at the time, but Billy Graham was so impressed after the event that he asked them to accompany him on a six-week tour to England the following fall.

Barrows joined YFC and enjoyed success not only as a singer and gospel trombonist but also as a gifted evangelist. However, realizing Graham’s prodigious gifts in that area, he decided to join his team as a musician and songleader.

It was Cliff Barrows who said, “The Christian faith is a singing faith, and a good way to express it and share it with others is in community singing.”

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• • •

POT: GATEWAY DRUG TO . . . TOBACCO?

cigarette-smoking-is-at-the-lowest-rateHealth experts and officials that the legalization of recreational marijuana in California could have an unintended consequence. They fear that pot smoking just might renormalize cigarette smoking.

From the tobacco industry’s point of view, marijuana could serve as a “smoke inhalation trainer,” and thus become a gateway to tobacco use, says Robert K. Jackler, a professor at the Stanford School of Medicine who researches tobacco advertising. He says tobacco and marijuana are marketed in similar ways — as products to help people relax and ease their stress. “There is tremendous overlap potential,” he says.

Is it possible that marijuana could also become a replacement product for the tobacco industry, helping them become more profitable in the marketplace again?

According to the California Department of Public Health, the state’s adult smoking rate is the second-lowest in the country, at 11.6 percent. The smoking rate dropped by more than 50 percent between 1988 and 2014, cutting health care costs and reducing tobacco-related diseases.

Another ballot initiative passed by voters, however, should help continue to make smoking tobacco less palatable. Proposition 56 will add $2 per pack to the tax on cigarettes and increases taxes on electronic cigarettes that contain nicotine and other tobacco products.

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• • •

FOAMNADO!

When a fire suppression system in a general aviation hangar at the Mineta San José International Airport activated and a giant, giggly foam mass flooded a nearby street, Harrington knew just what he had to do.

As residents, television reporters and police watched, he jumped on his bicycle and headed directly into the abyss.

• • •

THAT’S SOME GOOD WORK!

When a massive sinkhole swallowed a sizeable chunk of a Japanese city’s downtown last week, the mayor vowed to “do our utmost to restore important infrastructure.” He wasn’t kidding. Within a week, the street was better than new.

Road reopened after huge sinkhole in Fukuoka is filled with soil

The sinkhole appeared around 5 am on November 8, creating a hole about half the size of an Olympic swimming pool. By midmorning it had devoured about 8,700 square feet of road, signs and light poles, and was filling with water. The mess knocked out electricity, water and other services to 800 households and caused delays at a train station and the airport.

No one had time for that nonsense. That afternoon, workers were filling the hole just enough to allow crews to repair sewage pipes and buried utility lines. That done, they poured a mixture of soil, water, and cement into the hole—they use more than 7,100 cubic meters of the stuff in all– into the 65-foot-deep hole. Then they set to work repairing street lights, replacing signs, and repainting the street.

Exactly one week later on November 15, it looked like nothing ever happened.

Road reopened after huge sinkhole in Fukuoka is filled with soil

• • •

FINALLY…

For a wonderful online exploration of the diverse nature of today’s American Thanksgiving menu, take a look at these photos, videos, and essays at the New York Times.

And may you and yours have a Thanksgiving holiday filled with grace and shalom.

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Fridays with Michael Spencer: Nov. 18, 2016

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Note from CM: An iMonk classic, and one of Michael’s very best and most personal pieces.

• • •

The Boat In The Backyard
A father’s depression and a boy who finally understands
by Michael Spencer

Why are you cast down, O my soul,
and why are you in turmoil within me?

• Psalm 42:5

When I was twelve years old, my father bought a small aluminum boat, just enough for two people to use for fishing in the local lakes. He put it in our backyard. It had a tiny motor that sat in our shed. He bought the boat so we could go fishing together, father and son. It was his dream, a father’s dream that I can now relate to as I share ball games and movies with my own son.

The boat never took us fishing. In fact, it never got in the water. It remains there in the back yard, photographed by my memory, waiting for a fishing trip that would never happen. In my tendency to personify objects in my world, I picture that boat as eager and expectant, then confused, and eventually depressed. Its purpose- its joy?- was not to be fulfilled.

At age twelve, I was about as interested in my father’s dream of fishing together as the fish were in getting hooked, cleaned and fried. I resisted my father’s overtures with a quiet, but persistent force. I was always busy. There was always something else to do. I wasn’t interested in being outside. My friends wanted me to play. Mostly, I wasn’t interested because my dad was interested, and I was at war with my dad. Not a physical battle, but a back and forth emotional war that had been going on as long as I could remember, and now that my dad wanted something from me, I was in a position to frustrate him. I felt the power, and I used it to disappoint his dream.

My father had never been like other fathers I knew. By the time I was a teenager, he was unable to work, but before that he’d done all sorts of things: worked as a flunky at car lots, made tools at a tool and die company, made change at a car wash, ran errands at local automobile race tracks, worked in the oil fields, rented boats at a lake, janitored. While he was unable to work, he was able to get out and do things he liked to do: fish, hunt squirrels, pick up pecans, hunt arrowheads, go to ball games and races.

My father was a collection of contradictions and mysteries. He was deeply and genuinely religious, but the entire time I knew my dad, I can never remember him in church more than a handful of times. He was divorced (I never knew why), and his chosen church- the Southern Baptists- ranked divorce just above treason and murder on the sin scale, so it was easy to not be present. He loved the Bible, and despised most church people as hypocrites.

He was from the woods and mountains of eastern Kentucky, but all my life we lived in cities, and he hated the city. We lived in Kentucky, and he wanted to live in Wisconsin. He was sociable and funny, the life of any gathering of family or friends, but he feared and loathed almost any other kind of gathering. He loved baseball, but wouldn’t let me join Little League. He had an eighth grade education, and was determined I would graduate from college. He wanted me to be a dentist, and never once took me to one.

He was afraid of everything. The weather terrified him to the point of hysteria. Government paperwork terrorized him. Travel was so frightening to him that I never went on a school trip if he had any say in it. Fear dominated my father’s life like no one I’ve ever met, then or now. As real as it was in my childhood experiences with dad, I couldn’t help but sense it hadn’t always been this way. I knew enough about his life to know he’d once been as wild and fearless as other boys, but somewhere along the way, something else entered the picture, changing my father from a man like other men into someone assualted, subdued and captured.

I would always compare my dad to other fathers or to my uncles, and something wasn’t right. He was older than anyone else’s dad. They ran businesses, took their boys to Little League, built tree houses and worked at factories. I understood my friend’s dads. I understood the men at church. I didn’t understand my father. He was unlike them all, different, unpredictable, like he was broken far under the surface.

It made me angry that my father was like this. Sometimes I was embarrassed. Sometimes I was humiliated. Mostly, I was just ticked off, and thought about running away, or at least spending all my time hiding somewhere he couldn’t find me. Over the years, I know I was ashamed that dad was my father, and I acted it out to him and to others. Being asked about my father by anyone else was an excuse to lie or change the subject.

Dad wasn’t without good qualities. He was very funny, warm and sociable to his friends and neighbors. He loved those who were close to him. He loved his grown children, and their children. He was broken-hearted he saw them so seldom. He had a generous and encouraging side, but it seemed to never appear for long before vanishing under the other, darker side. My father knew trees like a botanist. He was sober and dependable as a friend and a helper. He was a great partner for watching classic tv shows. He could make people feel at ease, and he was very smart. I’m convinced he knew a million dirty jokes. Though he wasn’t much of a reader, he could sing, calculate and “cypher.” He could teach squirrels to climb up his pants and eat out of his pocket.

Once dad told me about all the books he read as a young man. Zane Grey. Tarzan. There wasn’t a book in the house now. He helped start a church in Wisconsin. He worked in factories and on airplane engines. At one time, he was a skilled tool maker making great money. What had happened? How did that normal man disappear, and this person take his place?

When I was thirteen, I came home from school and was sitting on the front porch, waiting for dad to return home and let me in. He drove an old, green, 1954 Chevrolet on his daily outings. Before much time had passed, I saw the old car come up the road. But then a funny thing happened. The car drove right past the house, and dad never looked at me. Not a wave, not a glance. He drove on to the end of the block, and turned right. Heading toward the hospital.

The boat in the backyard didn’t know it at the time, but its fate was sealed.

Health problems were always part of dad’s life. He complained of dizziness and chest pains to the point I wearied of what I thought, stupidly, was just whining for attention. I, of course, was never privy to just what was going on, and I wonder how much he understood his own problems. Now our family was going to become dominated by health concerns, hospitalizations, medical bills and medications. Dad was having the first of two heart attacks that would render him helpless against the onslaught of depression.

I’ve often wondered how dad’s heart problems would have been treated today. It was the late sixties, and dad stayed in the hospital for a couple of weeks. There was no surgery, as one might expect today. No miracle drugs. I would visit him in ICU, and he was glad to see me, of course. I was afraid he might die, and felt guilty that I’d wished that many, many times. He came home, and soon was sitting in a chair in the front room. He had survived a major heart attack. We were all happy. Right?

Dad grew stronger, but something bigger than the heart attack took over. Something worse than all his previous helath problems. He wouldn’t leave the house. He wouldn’t leave the chair. He sat in the chair with his hand over his face. He wept. Mom would plead with him, but to no avail. It didn’t stop. It wasn’t a bad day. It was like a living grief, a stuck record, an endless punishment. It lasted for weeks, months and then, years. Depression overwhelmed my father.

I didn’t understand. And no one could explain what was happening in a way a teenage boy could understand, though they tried, I’m sure.

Soon my dad’s oldest son, a doctor, came down to try and help. It was the first time I heard the word “depression.” I’d heard my parents always talk about “nervous breakdowns,” which I couldn’t find in any science book. But I had no idea what “depression” meant, other than the fact that dad was depressed, and it was clearly awful. I’d never seen or heard of depression. No one else had a depressed parent. Why did I?

At some point, dad went to the hospital. The psych ward in Louisville General. (He may have gone several times. I’m unsure.) Dad’s absence was always a good thing. Mom would take me out to restaurants, something dad wouldn’t ever do. We would be happy, and feel guilty about it. There was no dark, mysterious “depression” controlling our family. I didn’t have to keep my friends out of the house. Still, I didn’t understand. I did hope my dad would come back better. Doctors and hospitals made people better. I didn’t understand how elusive an opponent depression can be, resisting and defeating every effort to cure it.

I would see the boat in the backyard every day, and I began to feel badly about how I had responded to my dad’s attempts to be a regular father and son. I mowed around it, and wished it could go in the water, and that dad could teach me to use the motor. A day at the lake with my father really would be a nice way to spend some time after all.

Dad returned from the hospital, and while things may have gotten better, it wasn’t for long. Dad was still depressed. His thoughts, feelings and behaviors were the same. He talked about his stay in the hospital in hellish terms. He looked terrorized by his stay. I still remember his descriptions of the other patients. Apparently, in the days before today’s cushy psychiatric facilities, my father was part of a ward of people we would call “insane.” He received electric shock treatments. I’ve learned far too much about those. I hope they helped, because I’m afraid to think what they did if they didn’t.

Now we entered into years that were almost unbearably bad most of the time. Dad would be depressed, or he would be angry or just lost. He projected his anger out at everyone: his doctor, his children, his family, God, city people, Republicans, the neighbors. There was never any predicting what direction my father’s depression would go, only that we would certainly be the recepients of his anger.

Because I was naively analytic and stupidly verbal as a young man, I tried to convince my father everything was his fault, and could be easily fixed. It didn’t help that I became a professing Christian at age 15, and became even more aware that my father was not in church, but was sitting home cursing out the world. We argued constantly, over everything that teens and parents argue about, and then about a hundred things that were uniquely issues dad and I cooked up to fight over. Poor mom. I cannot describe the vehemence of these arguments. Surely I pushed dad to the brink of more heart problems many times, but I couldn’t see it at the time. Mom would beg us to stop. We would just get tired and quit.

I was bitterly angry that my father had ruined his part in my life and had turned our home into a horror story. First, by just being old and contrary. Then by refusing to let me be a normal kid. Then by falling apart and becoming a depressed invalid.

And then, there was one break in the darkness. I began preaching at age sixteen. Even as a young man, I remember coming home and telling dad I was “called” to be a preacher. He was moved. I couldn’t appreciate then how much he had prayed for me, and how he lived hoping my life would be useful to God in ways his had never been. All I knew was there was finally some tenderness between us. Some definable love and forgiveness.

The fighting did not stop. My understanding of depression did not increase. But Dad, slowly, began to go out again, drinking coffee with other men. On a few occasions, dad even came to hear me preach. In all my life, I believe my father heard me preach five times. Once he drove me to a small church where I was supplying, and on the way back, gently tried to tell me my sermon wasn’t very good, which I suspected, but didn’t want to acknowledge. He began to show me kindness, and by God’s grace alone, I started to receive it.

A gentleness began to enter our lives as I started to realize my father was a sick person. He’d said this many, many times, and I didn’t accept it, because it was too complicated and I was too afraid of something that couldn’t be fixed as easily as a flat tire. But as I got older, it made more and more sense. I started to notice my father in new ways, and to listen to him more closely. I could see that my father didn’t want to be this way. He was covered in a darkness that clung to him like a wet blanket. He fought against it, but couldn’t toss it away. It had, inexplicably, become part of him. He would have to live with it.

I had to live with it as well. I had to accept who my father was, and how depression had made him, and me, what we were. In my Christian journey, I was frequently confronted with my duty and need to forgive others as God had forgiven me. I never contemplated this truth without thinking of my father, and how I had denied him forgiveness for this thing that had taken so much of our family’s joy away. I needed to forgive him, because he wasn’t responsible for depression. I needed to forgive the depression more than my father. I needed to forgive myself for how I had reacted to this unwelcome visitor.

It’s funny how God works. I took a job at a local grocery store, and how I spent the money I earned became a major war zone with dad. My first paycheck turned into new clothes, and dad- who had lived through the Great Depression- was outraged that I hadn’t put all the money in the bank or paid for the family groceries. But later, I spent a good bit of my paycheck on a citizen’s band radio for my 65 Chevy. I cannot describe my father’s reaction, but it was explosive.

So it is divinely ironic that within a few weeks, my father began buying CB radios. He was fascinated by the hobby. Soon we had a base station in the house, radios in all the cars and were joining CB clubs in the area. My father loved the ability of radio users to make small talk with one another anonymously. What medications, hospitals and therapy couldn’t do, CB radio did. My father came out of his depression by talking on the CB radio. My father became “Two Bits,” and Two Bits wasn’t depressed.

Dad and I loved this hobby. I could talk to him from wherever I was, and it was actually an honor to be the son of the now famous “Two Bits.” As my interest in the hobby waned, dad’s interest increased. In the years to come, he would buy bigger and bigger radios, making friends with people all over the area, the nation and even the world. Radio brought him a magnificent amount of joy.

Dad sold the boat. We didn’t speak of the lost dreams of years ago or the bitterness that had passed. I tried to never think of those days, but I cannot help but think of them more and more as the years go on. I want my children to know about that boat. I cannot touch it, but I can feel its presence and its loss. It is real, because the love my father had for me in that boat is real.

After I married, and became a man, dad and I became friends again. We stopped fighting and enjoyed one another. He was proud of me. He helped me, and listened to me. He loved my wife and our kids. Depression never vanished, and dad’s basic personality never changed. We accepted that this was the life we had shared. Depression had taken away more than I could ever calculate, but I was determined to not spend any more time staring into the void.

Depression is now a reality I face every day in my ministry with students. I know all about it. I have my own thoughts and theories about its origins and power. I believe in the mystery of its genetic and biochemical origins. I also believe we contribute to it by our own thoughts, choices and actions. It is complex, resisting simple treatments in some cases, surrendering to the mildest of medications in others.

We were not so fortunate. Depression invaded our lives when it was a monster of unknown origin or power. I now recognize that dad was depressed before his heart attack, but succumbed to a powerful depression in its aftermath. He did not understand depression, and the chemical miracles were not available or effective.

I believe that our world is a fallen and ruined world, not so much in nature, where the glory of God shines through, but in human beings, whose brokenness takes thousands of different forms and reveals the tragedy of the wreckage that began in Eden and continues in our lives. In this ruined world, depression is a result of sin. Sin as it wrecked our minds, chemistries and emotions. Sin as our thoughts became attracted to darkness rather than light. Sin as we cower in fear rather than trust a trustworthy God who we cannot see thorugh the darkness, and from whom we run away when we do glimpse him. I am so glad that this God doesn’t count on us to find him, but has found us all along, and never lets us go. As the scripture says, “Where shall I go from your Spirit?…even the darkness is as light to you.”

Nothing I believe about depression makes depressed persons into “sinners” on some special level. Like all of us, they are broken. Like all of us, God gives grace that we can accept or reject. Like all of us, they are loved by God and have the possibility of hope, and even healing. Like all of us, they are gathered together in the wounds of Christ, and raised in his resurrection.

I have compassion for my depressed friends. In my own struggle with depression, I’ve benefited from the lessons of my father’s life. There are moments when I have found myself in the chair, hands over my face, weeping. I’ve gotten up, and decided to live. For myself, my wife, my kids, and my father. I will not go into the same night if I can help it.

I believe that fathers are put in this world to write life, goodness and wisdom into the hearts of their children. The best fathers have written boldly, deeply and legibly; they have written lessons that last a lifetime. Other fathers write painful or erring lessons, putting into their children not a path to love and joy, but a downhill slide to emptiness and desperation.

My father left many empty places in my life where he should have written his own unique imprint and example. I am acutely aware of these empty, fatherless places, and the legacy I have inherited because of them. It was my father’s depression, and his fearful, unpredictable actions and inactions, that left me with an abiding sense that I do not belong or deserve to belong in the society of normal, happy people. It was that depression that left me doubting my masculinity, and afraid to do a hundred things that boys and men ought to do to know who they really are in the world. Today, when you see me helping to coach our school baseball team, make no mistake about it: I am out there making up for those days my dad wouldn’t take me to join Little League.

It was my father’s depression that left me with vacant places where unconditional acceptance and fatherly delight ought to be. It was his fear of death that infected my mind from the time I was small, so that every suddenly ringing phone or unexpected noise can terrify me. In the place of the imprint of the father, I have written many stupid and evil legacies of my own. In my worst moments, I see my father’s depression and darkness in myself. I was so certain that I was doomed to live in illness and depression, sin’s false promises of joy looked convincingly attractive. In my own despairing, angry and confused words, I’ve heard the echo of my father’s cries.

The imprint of an earthly father is a treasure. Thankfully, the imprint of the heavenly father is a gift of grace that comes to the fatherless and the empty. Where my father did not and could not affect my heart, because depression wouldn’t allow it, God, and his manifold gifts of love have penetrated into the empty places and brought life, love and hope. In a hundred different ways, experiences and relationships, God has been a father to me in those places that my father left vacant.

I also know what my father would have done if he had not been depressed, and what I would do if I had the opportunity to do it all again. Of course, those times are past, and realities are real. Still, it comforts me greatly to know what could been and should have been. My father was not evil, but sick. Our home was not cursed, but coping with an illness that none of us really understood. The boat may have never seen the water, but the love represented in that boat is as real as ever, and more precious with time.

I know life will hold experiences where depression will inevitably return and demand its place in my life and family. I intend to resist, but I will also be realistic. There is no outrunning our fallenness, and no ultimate healing of our brokeness until heaven. There will be depressing days and seasons, but I am determined that the lessons of my father’s life will not be wasted. I believe he is waiting for me, cheering me on in the darkest of times. He made it home, and we will as well.

In fact, I am fairly certain that heaven contains a lake, where my father is waiting for me in a small boat. And I will not miss that afternoon of fishing. I promise.

Mike the Geologist: On the Grand Canyon and the Flood (3)

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Navaho Sandstone exposure known as “the Second Wave” north of the Grand Canyon

Previous posts in the series:

• • •

The Grand Canyon, Monument to an Ancient Earth: Can Noah’s Flood Explain the Grand Canyon?
By Gregg Davidson, Joel Duff, David Elliott, Tim Helble, Carol Hill, Stephen Moshier, Wayne Ranney, Ralph Stearley, Bryan Tapp, Roger Wiens, and Ken Wolgemuth.

♨︎

Part 2 – “How Geology Works” is an impressive primer on basic geology especially as it relates to the Grand Canyon.  The section is divided into:

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

  • Chapter 5- Sedimentary Rock Types and How They Form
  • Chapter 6- Sedimentary Structures: Clues from the Scene of the Crime
  • Chapter 7- Using the Present to Understand the Past

TIME

  • Chapter 8- Solving Puzzles: Relative Dating and the Geologic Column
  • Chapter 9- So Just How Old is That Rock?
  • Chapter 10- Missing Time: Gaps in the Rock Record

TECTONICS & STRUCTURE

  • Chapter 11- Plate Tectonics: Our Restless Earth
  • Chapter 12- Broken and Bent Rock: Fractures, Faults, and Folds

It is 75 pages of photographs, illustration, and laymen-friendly text that will give you a basic understanding of the natural processes that formed the Grand Canyon.  Over and over again, flood geologists and young earth creationists assert the “One World-Two Views” theory that they are looking at the same evidence as “secular” scientists only with a different (Biblical) worldview.  We “secularists” and “compromisers” are assuming an evolutionary viewpoint therefore we reason circularly to an evolutionary conclusion.  But as the reader will see from this section; the only thing assumed is that the laws of physics and chemistry that we observe today have operated the same way in the past.  In fact, if one doesn’t make that assumption, one cannot do science.

Chapter 5 begins with; “Sedimentary rocks are emphasized in the next three chapters, in part because they are the rocks that make up the bulk of the Grand Canyon and the Grand Staircase to the north, and also because much of what we know about Earth’s overall history is contained in sedimentary rocks.”  Chapter 4 ended with a rhetorical question: “Can anyone know what actually happened in the unobserved past?”  The answer to that question for a particular area my take years of study, but the basic tools in a geologist’s toolbox are actually fairly simple; start by observing how sediments form today.

Idealized illustration depicting many common environments where different kinds of sediments are deposited. Each deposit has characteristics that are unique to that environment. For example, deposits of sand from desert dunes look very different from sand deposited along a seashore. The diagram shows what kinds of sedimentary rocks are created in these different settings.
Idealized illustration depicting many common environments where different kinds of sediments are deposited. Each deposit has characteristics that are unique to that environment. For example, deposits of sand from desert dunes look very different from sand deposited along a seashore. The diagram shows what kinds of sedimentary rocks are created in these different settings.

Sediments that make up sedimentary rocks will reflect their source rock, their alteration during transport, the environment where they are deposited, and post-depositional transformation from pressure, heat, and water chemistry or cementation.

Common sediment particles are classified according to their size:

Mud is usually taken to mean water mixed with varying amounts of clay or silt.  Mud turned into rock is mudstone, rock composed of sand is sandstone, rock composed of silt is siltstone, rock composed of clay is shale (you thought I was going to say claystone- we geologists are nothing if not prosaic), and rock composed of a mixture of gravel and pebbles with sand and mud is conglomerate.

Limestone is rock formed from accumulation of calcium carbonate shell fragments and limey mud.  Lime sediment is accumulating today across the Grand Bahamas Bank, seaward of the Florida Keys and behind them in Florida Bay, along the coast of the Persian Gulf, and anywhere coral reefs are growing.

No limestone has ever been documented to form from floodwater- either in the laboratory, or from field observations- not even in floods as massive as formed the Channeled Scablands in Washington State (discussed in Chapter 16).  Quite simply, limestone is one type of rock that takes a long time to be deposited- much longer than the time span of a flood. (Chapter 5, page 61)

The observable fact about flood deposits, especially large turbulent floods is that they lay sediment down in order of the flood’s decreasing energy.  The first part of the flood, the highest energy part, doesn’t deposit at all, in fact, it erodes and scours. Then as the flood’s energy decreases the largest sediment particles are laid down, the cobbles, pebbles, and gravels.  Then sand is laid down followed by silt, and finally clay.  If your home has ever flooded you are all too familiar with the sticky, hard to clean muck that is left after a flood recedes.  Now remember, according to the flood geologists all the sediments from the above the Supergroup, not just to the top of canyon rim, but all the way up the Grand Staircase to Bryce Canyon were laid down in Noah’s flood and then eroded all at once after the flood.  So we start with the Tapeats Sandstone then the Bright Angel Shale then the Muav and Redwall Limestones.  Well, maybe OK, at least we are decreasing energy. But then, wait, we get to the Supai Group and then it is sandstone again in the Esplanade Sandstone.  Then alternating shales and siltstones, then the Coconino Sandstone, then the Toroweap and Kaibab limestones again and so on up the Grand Staircase with alternating limestone, sandstones, siltstones and shales.  Does that seem like one flood to you?  Or is the conventional geologic model of the advancing of seas inland (transgression) and then retreat of the sea level (regression) over time a more reasonable explanation.

To quote from the book (Chapter 5, page 65):

image3The sedimentary layers found in the Grand Canyon can be easily explained by a succession of rising and falling sea levels.  No fantastic or undiscovered natural processes need be invoked to account for what is observed.  The flood geology model, on the other hand, requires many fantastic or never-before-seen explanations, including sediments accumulating at phenomenally high rates, unreproducible chemical reactions occurring in deep ocean fissures, mysterious lack of mixing of clay and lime in the same layers, monumental stockpiles of pre-flood sediments awaiting redistribution, and walls of sediment hundreds of feet high moving as a unit across continents.  It’s remarkable that such speculations are even necessary, given the total absence of any descriptions of global tsunamis, catastrophic continental upheavals, massive gravity flows, or violations of natural laws in the Genesis account of Noah’s Flood.

Chapter 6– “Sedimentary Structures: Clues from the Scene of the Crime” covers such features as mud cracks, ripple marks, raindrop prints, cross bedding, and various types of animal tracks.

image4Mudcracks (also known as desiccation cracks or mud cracks) are sedimentary structures formed as muddy sediment dries and contracts.  It is impossible for mud cracks to form during a flood obviously.  Flood geologists try to explain this by appealing to syneresis cracks which happens when fine grained sediment settles and “dewaters” as it is compressed, or are formed by the contraction of clay in response to changes in the salinity of a liquid surrounding a deposit. Desiccation mudcracks are usually continuous, polygonal, and have U- or V- shaped cross sections that would have been filled in with sediment from above. Syneresis cracks, however, are usually discontinuous, spindle or sinuous in shape, and have U- or V- shaped cross sections that have been filled in with sediment from above or below.

Raindrop prints are made when droplets of pounding rain impact wet mud, silt, or sand, thus creating small depression imprints of those drops in the sediment.  This can only happen when moist sediment is exposed to the air, because if the sediment is under water it cannot be impacted by raindrops.  Raindrop prints have been found in the Coconino Sandstone at many locations.

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Cross bedding in the Coconino Sandstone

Cross-beds are the groups of inclined layers, and the sloping layers are known as cross strata. Cross bedding forms on a sloping surface such as ripple marks and dunes, and allows us to interpret that the depositional environment was water or wind.  Speaking of the Coconino Sandstone, the book points out that the maximum angle for loose dry sand is 30-34 degrees.  Saturated sand in underwater dunes or ripple marks cannot maintain slopes as steep as dry sand in desert dunes.  Coconino cross beds have angles typical of desert dunes with maximum angles of 29-30 degrees.  Go back and look at the figure showing the Grand Canyon strata- where is the Coconino?   So was there Sahara-level desert conditions in the middle of a world-wide flood?  Or does the Coconino Sandstone represent a time when a desert environment was present in this area?

Chapter 7– “Using the Present to Understand the Past” begins with correcting the misrepresentation of uniformitarianism that YECs like to promote.  Flood geologists commonly demonize it by making synonymous with materialism or evolutionism.  But modern geologists have no problem recognizing that there were many places and times where catastrophic events have shaped the Earth’s various layers.  And flood geologists who like to take the example of the 1980 eruption of Mt. St. Helens as a scenario under which the Grand Canyon formed are unwittingly performing an uniformitarian exercise.  The eruption delivered dozens of feet of volcanic ash to the valleys below the mountain in the span of a few hours.  That ash was subsequently eroded and impressive gorges were carved into the soft ash sediment.

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Ash Erosion at Mt. St. Helens

The deposits contain layers and bedding which flood geologists like to say looks like rocks and cliff faces in the Grand Canyon.  They totally miss the irony of comparing modern deposits (Mt. St. Helens) to ancient deposits (the Grand Canyon) is a fully uniformitarian exercise.

The book then goes on to describe, that if the present is the key to the past, we should be able to identify landscapes today that are comparable to Grand Canyon landscapes of the past.  The book then lists and discusses 5 such landscapes:

  1. Bare Naked Rock (Crystalline Basement Rock Exposed by Erosion)- the Vishnu Schist
  2. Muck and Mud (Clay Deposition in a Shallow Near-Shore Sea)- the Bright Angel Shale
  3. Vacation Destination (Warm Seas and Carbonate Deposition)- the Muav Limestone
  4. Subterranean Labyrinth (Cave and Sinkhole Formation)- the Redwall Formation
  5. Hot and Dry (Desert Sands)- the Coconino Sandstone

The major point of discussing these examples is that the Grand Canyon deposits WERE JUST THAT — LANDSCAPES that existed in the ancient past.  Each deposit represents an environment that existed at that time and place and we can know that because in the present environments around the world we observe sediments representing those environments being deposited now.

In my Science and the Bible series I made a big deal about paleokarst in the Redwall Limestone because the church class I was teaching lived and worked in middle of the famous southern Indiana karst terrain.  They were intimately familiar with what a karst landscape looked like.  They understood that a karst landscape, with sinkholes, springs, and caves, could not form in soft sediment in the middle of a flood.

Paleokarst in the Redwall Formation
Paleokarst in the Redwall Formation

Clinical Depression vs. the Rich Tapestry of Human Experience

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Yesterday’s comments prompted me to do some thinking, especially about one of the questions — “Does depression ever have a useful purpose?”

My first inclination is to say, “No,” at least when we are speaking of clinical depression.

There are different types of clinically diagnosed depression, and they all represent organic ailments that can disrupt life and lead to serious consequences if not treated. These range from milder forms of atypical depression to major depressive disorders that are persistent and may be experienced in connection with psychoses and event catatonic states. Some types are associated with bodily changes that occur when people experience life or health changes, such as perinatal depression in new mothers, depression in those with cardiovascular disease, or various forms of geriatric depression that beset the elderly. Some people respond poorly to the annual changes in nature and suffer from seasonal depression, and of course there is depression associated with grief that affects people in a variety of ways. Treatments for clinical depression may range from lifestyle adjustments to cognitive-behavioral therapy and antidepressants or other medications all the way to electroshock treatments and hospitalization.

Clinical depression needs to be taken seriously. According to this site about depression, major depression is the leading cause of disability in the United States, and it affects almost 19 million Americans in a given year, costing an estimated $30 billion annually. Up to 15% of those who are clinically depressed commit suicide.

Depression is like being in a totally round room and looking for a corner to sit in.”

• Laura Sloate

If you suspect that you might be clinically depressed, if you are experiencing the following symptoms to an extent that it seems unusual to you or those who love you, and if they are disrupting your life in any significant way whatsoever, I urge you to seek some help.

  • Sadness, anxiety, or “empty” feelings
  • Decreased energy, fatigue, being “slowed down”
  • Loss of interest or pleasure in activities that were once enjoyed, including sex
  • Insomnia, oversleeping, or waking much earlier than usual
  • Loss of weight or appetite, or overeating and weight gain
  • Feelings of hopelessness and pessimism
  • Feelings of helplessness, guilt, and worthlessness
  • Thoughts of death or suicide, or suicide attempts
  • Difficulty concentrating, making decisions, or remembering
  • Restlessness, irritability or excessive crying
  • Chronic aches and pains or physical problems that do not respond to treatment

I went through a period of depression about fifteen years ago. I’ve always been a melancholy type, but when I had a hard time sleeping during a particularly stressful period of my life, I knew something had changed. I can always sleep (it’s one of my spiritual gifts!) and insomnia was so unusual to my life experience that it got my attention. That moved me to get help, and I’m glad I did. There have been other seasons in my life when I failed to do that, and I carry regrets with me to this day.

If you need it, I hope you will get some counsel and assistance. The most “useful” thing about clinical depression is that it might cause us to realize we need help.

• • •

But let’s get back to our question.

Despite what I say above, upon further reflection, I think the answer to “Does depression ever have a useful purpose” is more complex and nuanced than a simple “no.” One reason for this is that people use the word “depression” to cover a wider range of human experience than clinical depression.

Some of us are more prone to be melancholy people, but we do not have a major depression disorder.

Some of us cry more easily than others.

Some of us are more “low energy” than others.

Some of us are introverts and find certain social situations emotionally challenging and draining. We withdraw. We’d rather be alone or with one or two others.

Some of us are not optimistic people. We tend to see the glass half-empty and think being realistic means not always smiling or saying everything will be okay. Others tend to see us as negative party-poopers who need to lighten up.

Some of us find the sadness and brokenness of the world overwhelming; we are sensitive to that and to some extent, preoccupied with it.

Some of us actually enjoy the profundity of a world that is filled with both darkness and light, sadness and delight, tragedy and comedy. It’s far more interesting and compelling. Sad songs, rainy days, and painful experiences satisfy something deep within us.

“You say you’re ‘depressed’ – all I see is resilience. You are allowed to feel messed up and inside out. It doesn’t mean you’re defective – it just means you’re human.”

• David Mitchell, Cloud Atlas

Some of us find lament more true to life most of the time than rejoicing.

Some of us are analytical and we tend to emphasize the “down” side of things in conversation because everyone else is looking at matters from an upbeat perspective.

Some of us struggle with guilt and regret, and we tend to beat ourselves up.

Some of us have trouble concentrating.

Some of us are not very confident about ourselves and we tend to think others don’t like us or might not if they knew us better.

Some of us tend to be worriers and we find it hard to let our worries go.

Some of us have a lot of fears — some rational, perhaps some not — and they can restrict or even paralyze us at times.

☔︎

What I want to say is that the world is filled with a wide variety of people who might use the word “depressed” to describe themselves at any given point in time, or who others might suspect are “depressed.” But the characteristics they display are simply part of the rich tapestry of being human, of having a human personality in a world like ours. And these human peculiarities can all be useful and beneficial as we learn to appreciate one another, trust one another, and love one another.

Not everyone is meant to be a Tigger. We need Eeyores too to make a world. And everything in between.

And God might even use people with clinical depression to bless the world (in fact I’m sure he has). Some of those psalmists and prophets should’ve seen the doctor as far as I’m concerned. But God used them anyway, so in a way I guess you could say that even the clinical forms of depression can be useful.

But that’s up to God. If that’s where you think you are, don’t be a hero — get help.