Letter to Jesus 1: Friend of Sinners

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Dear Jesus,

I’ve been thinking about what it means that they called you “friend of sinners.” I know it wasn’t a title you gave yourself, it was a slur from the religious folks, who taught that the righteous should separate themselves from the wicked in order to stay pure and upright before God. You didn’t play by their rules, did you?

In my world today, when we talk about being a friend of “sinners,” we are usually talking about unchurched people and marginalized people. Kinda like the “Gentiles” or “heathen” and the “unclean” of your day. You certainly modeled loving those kind of people for us. You extended grace and kindness to all kinds of characters people considered outcasts — promiscuous women, lepers, and those viewed as traitors to their nation (and God), like tax-collectors. You were willing to touch and heal those whom people stayed away from like the plague, such as poor souls oppressed by evil spirits, scary, intimidating people. You were also hospitable and helpful to foreigners and even pointed to them as examples for us all of true faith and love. At the end you even welcomed a condemned criminal into your kingdom.

But until it occurred to me recently, I had not thought deeply what was probably the most basic aspect of what it meant when they called you “friend of sinners” – you hung around with essentially religious people who weren’t always very observant.

Jesus, you didn’t live in a “secular” society, but a religious one, a Jew walking among Jews, right? Most of the people you met and befriended and broke bread with were people of faith and religious heritage. They were members of the people of God living in the Promised Land, and though the land was occupied by the Romans, they were free to practice their faith. The leading religious voices were the Pharisees (the ones you criticized a lot). They were the most devout. They sought to live “by the Book.” They believed that when the whole nation became obedient and kept God’s commandments, the Messiah would return. So they not only sought to walk in righteousness and purity themselves, but to hold their fellow Jews accountable to the Law of Moses as well.

You didn’t seem to agree.

Yours was a heart and ministry for the “ordinary,” less pious folks. The ones who didn’t always wash their hands correctly. The ones who did a bit of extra traveling on the Sabbath (especially when it meant coming to see you!). Those who were perpetually unclean because they had certain illnesses or had to take care of sick loved ones, do business with Gentiles, or tend animals. They didn’t always fast properly and weren’t meticulous about tithing. And women. Women who were marginalized solely because of their sex – you approached them, talked to them, treated them with equal dignity, even included them among your followers, though much of that must have seemed scandalous to the scrupulous.

You reached out to plenty of folks on the margins, invisible, rejected and neglected by most. But I think most of the time you found yourself in the company of the hoi polloi, the commoners, the humble, hard-working, family-loving, neighbor-helping, quiet everyday people, who had a religious upbringing and a measure of faith, but who were not extraordinarily pious or fervid in the practice of their faith.

It seems to me that you liked them.

Am I right?

Because I like those kind of people too. But the people who say they represent you today are telling me it’s not enough to be that kind of person. Instead, I keep hearing that we must be “on fire” for the Lord. I’ve heard the word “radical” too. “Sold-out” is another way it’s expressed. Preachers and others keep bandying about terms like “passionate” and “fervent.” In fact, there is a whole culture and religious language, and if you don’t converse in those terms, you feel like an outsider. It’s not enough to have a measure of faith, one must be an enthusiast.

I have to confess, Jesus, I was in that culture and behaved like that for many years, and when I look back, I fear I might have loaded burdens on people that were too heavy for them to bear.

But now, every day I too walk among ordinary people, many of whom are not very pious. A lot of them don’t go to church, even though that’s their background. A great many of them tell me they believe in God and I watch them practice love and kindness in their homes in difficult situations. Of course, I don’t see or hear everything, and I’m sure my view of them is somewhat sentimental. However, I do know that very few refuse me when I offer to pray for them, and many of them ask me to do funerals for family members when they die. Some of them ask me if I have a church where I preach, exposing a longing for something, I don’t always know what.

What am I supposed to think about these people, Jesus?

Mostly I just try not to form opinions and give them the benefit of the doubt. Just be kind and treat them as my neighbors, with dignity and respect. Listen to their stories, tell them mine, and offer to be there for them if they need something. Commit them to God’s care in prayer, try to answer whatever questions they have, and let them know they have a friend.

Is that enough, Jesus?

Do you expect all people to be pious, observant, devout? Or do you still hang out with people who are content to just live life without making religious practice their life’s preoccupation?

Just wondering,

Chaplain Mike

Another Look: Seasons and Paths of Formation

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Note from CM: I’m starting a class tonight at our local United Methodist church, based upon my book, Walking Home Together. The first lesson will be about the various seasons of our lives and what characterizes them. I thought of this post as I was preparing.

Little children, I’m writing to you because your sins have been forgiven through Jesus’ name. Parents, I’m writing to you because you have known the one who has existed from the beginning. Young people, I’m writing to you because you have conquered the evil one. Little children, I write to you because you know the Father. Parents, I write to you because you have known the one who has existed from the beginning. Young people, I write to you because you are strong, the word of God remains in you, and you have conquered the evil one.

• 1John 2:12-14 CEB

• • •

One fact I did not understand when I was younger is that life is made up of different seasons and circumstances that can virtually define any given time in life, or even the entirety of your life. I could hardly grasp that I would be called to adapt and change and learn and respond differently — sometimes for extended periods of time — regarding aspects of life over which I would have little control. I still find it hard to deal with change and disruption of my plans and expectations. And if this is true of me, one who has lived a relatively trouble-free life, what of others who have faced monumental challenges and tragic life-altering situations?

A lot of “discipleship” does not take this into account either, but comes across as generic and all-purpose, a program for all audiences — read your Bible, pray, get involved in church, find places to serve.

What they never tell you is that you and life and God and work and relationships and the way you think about all these things and what you need to flourish in life and love is different at age 22 than it is at 35 and very different at 50 or 65. Discipleship programs rarely, if ever, let you in on the secret that you may have to trudge through vast swaths of wilderness in your life, hungry and thirsty, exhausted and threatened by heat stroke. Nor do they talk about the challenges of good times and the temptations of prosperity and the successful seasons of life and the fact that they may or may not contribute to one’s personal growth.

They also don’t take into account that each person has his or her own inner landscape, climate, and weather — that life with its seasons and circumstances looks and feels somewhat different to each individual.

There is a conformist tendency in institutional religion which suggests that because we’re all in this together, we must learn to deal with life in basically the same manner. This effectively disregards the apprenticeship approach Jesus took with his disciples and the apostles’ insistence that we live in the freedom of the Spirit.

This presents a great challenge for ministers and congregations who want to encourage spiritual formation in their churches. Taking each person’s unique situation into account and responding with grace and edifying love can be daunting.

Brothers and sisters, we ask you to respect those who are working with you, leading you, and instructing you. Think of them highly with love because of their work. Live in peace with each other. Brothers and sisters, we urge you to warn those who are disorderly. Comfort the discouraged. Help the weak. Be patient with everyone. Make sure no one repays a wrong with a wrong, but always pursue the good for each other and everyone else.

• 1Thess 5:12-15 CEB

There are many aspects of church life in which we are called to be formed in Christ together — worship through Word and Sacrament and catechesis, to name two — nevertheless all of us must also learn to walk in newness of life as individuals who have died and been raised up in Christ.

As a parent, one of the most surprising things I had to face was how different each of my children would be. I had to learn how to balance giving attention to their individual stories with composing our larger family story. This is the same challenge the church faces. There is no one-size-fits-all discipleship “program.” Run as fast as you can from any church that gives you the impression they think there is.

Another false notion about the seasons and circumstances of spiritual formation is that they lead to perceptible progress in the believer’s life. As though there is a definable pattern of personal development. Over the years, the spiritual life has been likened to a journey. That suggests a road with recognizable landmarks and destinations. It has also been envisioned in terms of climbing a ladder, though Protestants have usually been suspicious of this as advocating a system of meritorious works. And this is not a leftover relic from medieval theology. Mission statements of many contemporary churches are quite explicit that they expect certain measurable evidences of “growth” to become apparent in the lives of their members.

However, in Spiritual Formation: Following the Movements of the Spirit, a book of Henri Nouwen’s teachings on the spiritual life, we read this different perspective:

The movements of the Spirit, Nouwen observed within himself and in others, tend to come in cycles throughout our lives, with only a broad and hardly predictable progressive order. Instead of stepping up to higher and higher stages, as if achieving one stage leads to the next level and the next, we tend to vacillate back and forth between the poles that we seek to resolve. We move “from fear to love” and then back “from love to fear,” for example in a dynamic process that is never complete. Rather than resolving the tensions once and for all, the movements continue to call us to conversion and transformation.

As I’ve said before, this leads me to be reticent about promoting the idea of “growth” or “transformation” as though this is something that can be clearly observed or that “progress” can be marked as an unambiguous fact. As Nouwen himself writes:

After many years of seeking to live a spiritual life, I still ask myself, “Where am I as a Christian?” — “How far have I advanced?” — “Do I love God more now than earlier in my life?” — “Have I matured in faith since I started on the spiritual path?” Honestly, I don’t know the answers to these questions. There are just as many reasons for pessimism as for optimism. Many of the real struggles of twenty or forty years ago are still very much with me. I am still searching for inner peace, for creative relationships with others, and for a deeper experience of God. And I have no way of knowing if the small psychological and spiritual changes during the past decades have made me more or less a spiritual person.

…it is of great importance that we leave the world of measurements behind when we speak about the life of the Spirit.

Seasons come and seasons go. We travel onward in our journey with Christ. Where we are on the road at any given point in time is debatable from our point of view. What we can know, and what we must cling to, is that Christ has called and enabled us to be with him on the road, that he is with us, that he will not forsake us, and that he picks us up every time we fall.

The Lord directs the steps of the godly.
He delights in every detail of their lives.
Though they stumble, they will never fall,
for the Lord holds them by the hand.

• Psalm 37:23-24 NLT

Limping to the Pulpit

Tired from Walking. Photo by Shinichi Sugiyama
Tired from Walking. Photo by Shinichi Sugiyama

This coming Sunday, I will be preaching in the congregation where I last served as a pastor. They are in good hands now, under the ministry of Pastor Dan, and I enjoy going back now and then to see folks. I love the people there, and it is always hard to find time to see everyone when I do.

But there is an inward struggle in my return as well. A lingering melancholy. A hint of hesitation. A wisp of wariness.

When I climb up on the platform to preach Sunday, I will do so limping.

You see, this church represents for me my transition out of congregational ministry.

Twelve years ago at this time I was in the midst of hanging on for dear life, as a congregation which had been through turmoil for several years was failing before my very eyes. People were leaving left and right. Finances were dwindling. At the same time, as I was approaching age 50, our family was dealing with its own problems and challenges, some of them nearly all-consuming. My wife was preparing to start her own business, and our own finances were in trouble too. It felt like my world was spinning out of control on almost every level. I had no idea what to do, nor to whom I should turn. And I was scared spitless. If I were to leave the church (or be asked to leave), I had few options for employment.

I needed some pastoral counsel, some spiritual direction. But where does a pastor in a group that expects their pastors to be entrepreneurial leader-types go for that? There was no denominational structure, no oversight, no one “over” me to call. I had some experienced pastor friends, some of whom were in the same group of churches, but they were much too preoccupied with their own congregations to offer anything more than an occasional breakfast or lunch meeting.

I was losing my balance high up on a tightrope, and there was no net.

And that was the last ecclesiastical straw for me in evangelical free-style churches.

I give thanks to God for his presence and help during those days. Despite resigning from the pastorate, several events and experiences (which I won’t detail here) provided me with strength and stamina to keep going. An answer to a Christmas letter we sent out that winter led to me being hired as a hospice chaplain, and so began a new chapter in life for my family and me.

It’s not as though the thought of pastoral ministry and the local church let go of me easily, however. Over the next couple of years I tried to get involved in leadership and teaching in a couple of congregations while working as a chaplain, but the results were pretty laughable, disastrous almost. I cringe when I look back on them.

Then we started going to the Lutheran church. The Church Year, the simple liturgy, singing in the choir, being freed from the “wretched urgency” and rugged individualism of evangelicalism, and most especially going to the Table each Sunday and being fed with Christ’s body and blood brought a sense of peace.

One of the teachings in the Lutheran tradition that I came to relish was that of vocation. Every person has a role to play in bringing God’s love and goodness to the world. Through our daily work, no matter what it is, we are part of a “wondrous web” through which the hidden God works his will out in the world. I began to embrace my chaplain role more and more and to appreciate the ordinary dailiness of life and work in a way I never had before, as I walked among people from all walks of life, hearing their stories and learning to appreciate their contribution to tikkun olam, repairing the world. And my opportunity to share in that.

When I decided to test the waters regarding ordination and a possible return to congregational ministry in the Lutheran tradition, I did so with a much different perspective, though I still felt a measure of hesitation and a much greater measure of self-doubt. Ultimately, that path led me to a place where I discerned that God’s call for me was to continue in my chaplain role.

A year ago I wrote:

The world that now shapes me most, spiritually and religiously, is my vocation as a chaplain — a thoroughly ecumenical, missional, community-based ministry. That’s where I feel most comfortable: with my neighbors. That’s my world now, and as I said in an earlier post, I guess I’m not much of a “churchman” anymore. I view myself as a composite of all my experiences and journeys, and the chaplaincy allows me to bring them all to bear as I seek to serve others. I don’t have to fit an ecclesiastical mold to do my job. It’s better, in fact, if I don’t.

However, even though I am thoroughly comfortable in my vocational role, when I’m asked to preach in a church, particularly an evangelical church, the culture of evangelicalism, pastoral ministry, nearly thirty years within a world of free church congregational life and ministry — it all comes rushing back.

And there I find myself limping toward the pulpit like Jacob. Once wounded in a crisis moment of his life, for the rest of his days a painful injury affected the patriarch’s gait. The book of Hebrews pictures him at the end of his life leaning on his staff, blessing others while bearing the mark of a divine skirmish.

Sunday, I imagine I’ll lean on the pulpit as I preach.

• • •

Photo by Shinichi Sugiyama at Flickr. Creative Commons License.

Music Monday: October 3, 2016

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Music Monday: Piano Music for Autumn

One of my favorite recordings was an old vinyl LP I had by Irish pianist John O’Conor, entitled Autumn Songs. It is, unfortunately, difficult to find these days, though if you follow the Amazon link, you might be able to procure a used copy.

As I was thinking about that album this week, I decided we should recommend a few classical piano pieces for your listening pleasure in the autumn season.

So, here are some of those pieces, from vibrant (like the bracing air and colors of October), to melancholy and reflective (my default mode in the fall).

• • •

Préludes, Book I, L 117: VIII. La Fille Aux Cheveux De Lin (The Girl With The Flaxen Hair), by Debussy

• • •

“October” from Das Jahr by Fanny Mendelssohn-Hensel

• • •

The Seasons, Op. 37-bis: X. October – Autumn Song

• • •

“Autumn,” Opus 35, no. 2, by Cécile Chaminade

Pic & Poem of the Week: October 2, 2016

Sun Sinking through the Woods
Sun Sinking through Autumn Woods

(Click picture to see larger image)

From A Harvest

Is the day wearing toward the west? —
Far off cool shadows pass,
A visible refreshment
Across the sultry grass;
Far off low mists are mustering,
A broken shifting mass.
Still in the deepest knowledge
Some depth is left unknown;
Still in the merriest music lurks
A plaintive undertone:
Still with the closest friend some throb
Of life is felt alone.

By Christina Rossetti

Saturday Ramblings: October 1, 2016

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1955 Nash Rambler 4-door Cross Country wagon

October has always been my favorite month to ramble. When we were first married and living in Vermont, the fall was the best time of year — mountains ablaze with color, sapphire blue skies, fresh apple cider, and all manner of quaint little villages to visit as we wound around those ramblin’ roads.

I still love it, and would love to take this autumnal-looking ’55 wagon on a road trip.

Whaddya say? Let’s ramble!

• • •

I always think of the Reformation and Martin Luther when October arrives. So, each week during the month here on SR we will include a Luther insult that you can enjoy and use in your web interactions (in Christian love, of course). These come from that awesomely magnificent site, The Luther Insulter.

My friends, this is what Sola Fide will get ya.

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• • •

QUESTIONS OF THE WEEK

A baby with three “parents” — is this ethical?

What was the real offense behind the Great Schism?

Did you know the real story behind those amazing Dyson hand dryers?

Are Tullian Tchvidjian and ExPastors playing it straight?

What is the scariest thing about health care in America today?

What are the best pop/rock songs of the 2000’s? (Hard for me to take this list seriously when “Impossible Germany” isn’t even on it.)

• • •

FAN’S DREAM COME TRUE

Arnie would have loved this…

American golf fan David Johnson was watching Team Europe golf pros on the practice green at the Ryder Cup this week. Rory McIlroy and Henrik Stenson were struggling with a 12-foot putt that neither of them could make, despite repeated efforts. Johnson yelled out that he could make it, and to his surprise, Stenson pulled him out of the crowd and gave him a chance.

Teammate Justin Rose turned up the pressure by laying a $100 bill on the ground next to the ball.

Remarkably, in front of the watching crowd and a team of some of the best golfers on the planet, he sized up the putt…and sank it!

To the replay:

Afterwards, Johnson said these immortal words, words everyone who has stood over a meaningful putt will understand: “I closed my eyes, swallowed my puke and hit the putt, and it happened to go in.”

• • •

“PERMANENT” NO LONGER

220px-esvstudybibleCrossway has reversed its decision to make the ESV Bible text permanent. Jeremy Weber at CT reports:

The publisher of the English Standard Version (ESV) of the Bible has reversed its controversial decision to finalize the text after tweaking 29 verses.

“We have become convinced that this decision was a mistake,” stated Crossway president and CEO Lane Dennis in an announcement released today. “We apologize for this and for any concern this has caused for readers of the ESV, and we want to explain what we now believe to be the way forward. Our desire, above all, is to do what is right before the Lord.”

Last month, Crossway had announced that they had “closed the book” on future revisions, saying, “We desired for there to be a stable and standard text that would serve the reading, memorizing, preaching, and liturgical needs of Christians worldwide from one generation to another.”

However, scholars such as Tremper Longman criticized the decision, saying that (1) advances in scholarship regarding the text will be ignored, and (2) the ever-changing nature of the English language will render the ESV outdated for future readers.

No word about whether they would ever consider changing their controversial decision to re-translate Genesis 3:16, which critics asserted reflected the translators’ complementarian position on gender roles and not an accurate translation of the text.

• • •

CARNEGIE DELI CLOSING

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The owner of the famous Manhattan Jewish restaurant, The Carnegie Deli, announced this week that it would be closing on Dec. 31 this year.

Though in recent years, the deli has become more of a tourist destination than a favorite hang-out for New Yorkers, this announcement marks the end of one of the city’s most recognized landmarks.

Alan Feuer at the NY Times describes it like this:

With its linoleum floors and animal protein odors, the Carnegie Deli was never fine dining, but the seedy lighting and eclectic checkerboard of celebrity photos (from the quarterback Y. A. Tittle to the Fonz, Henry Winkler) gave the place a homey sort of drop-ceiling charm.

The brand will carry on through a family-owned meat processing facility and commercial bakery in New Jersey, along with a scattering of licensed locations around the U.S.

The Carnegie Deli elicits a sense of old New York nostalgia in one of my favorite films of all time, Woody Allen’s Broadway Danny Rose. Here is A.O. Scott’s video review of that film, and as, you can see, the deli plays a prominent role in bringing back a world that may never really have existed, except in our minds and hearts.

• • •

TWEETS OF THE WEEK: PERSPECTIVES ON GETTING OLDER

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• • •

TAKE THOSE KIDNEY STONES FOR A RIDE!

Finally, I have never had kidney stones, never wanted to have kidney stones, hope I never have to deal with kidney stones. I have a female friend who has been suffering with one for the past couple of weeks and I know even more than ever, I don’t want anything to do with kidney stones.

Hear that, kidney stones?!

But if, by some chance, I ever get kidney stones (no! no! please! no!), I know what I’m going to do.

I’m going to have someone drive me over to Cedar Point, the amusement park in Ohio, home of the world’s finest roller coasters. And I’m going to go straight to the greatest roller coaster I’ve ever ridden: The Millennium Force. Why? Because a team of Michigan State researchers has determined that riding a roller coaster can help people pass kidney stones.

So, kidney stones — beware! Because this is what I’m gonna do to you if you ever come around…

Fridays with Michael Spencer: September 30, 2016

Collapsing. Photo by Ben Kilgust at Flickr
Collapsing. Photo by Ben Kilgust at Flickr

Note from CM: Michael’s most well known articles were called “The Coming Evangelical Collapse.” I thought it would be good to re-post a few excerpts from these three pieces in light of the other discussions we’ve had this week.

• • •

Party Almost Over

The party is almost over for evangelicals; a party that’s been going strong since the beginning of the “Protestant” 20th century. We are soon going to be living in a very secular and religiously antagonistic 21st century in a culture that will be between 25-30% non-religious.

This collapse, will, I believe, herald the arrival of an anti-Christian chapter of the post-Christian west and will change the way tens of millions of people see the entire realm of religion. Intolerance of Christianity will rise to levels many of us have not believed possible in our lifetimes, and public policy will become particularly hostile towards evangelical Christianity, increasingly seeing it as the opponent of the good of individuals and society.

The response of evangelicals to this new environment will be a revisiting of the same rhetoric and reactions we’ve seen since the beginnings of the current culture war in the 1980s. The difference will be that millions of evangelicals will quit: quit their churches, quit their adherence to evangelical distinctives and quit resisting the rising tide of the culture.

Many who will leave evangelicalism will leave for no religious affiliation at all. Others will leave for an atheistic or agnostic secularism, with a strong personal rejection of Christian belief and Christian influence. Many of our children and grandchildren are going to abandon ship, and many will do so saying “good riddance.”

Monumentally Ignorant

Evangelicals have failed to pass on to our young people the evangelical Christian faith in an orthodox form that can take root and survive the secular onslaught. In what must be the most ironic of all possible factors, an evangelical culture that has spent billions of youth ministers, Christian music, Christian publishing and Christian media has produced an entire burgeoning culture of young Christians who know next to nothing about their own faith except how they feel about it. Our young people have deep beliefs about the culture war, but do not know why they should obey scripture, the essentials of theology or the experience of spiritual discipline and community. Coming generations of Christians are going to be monumentally ignorant and unprepared for culture-wide pressures that they will endure.

Do not be deceived by conferences or movements that are theological in nature. These are a tiny minority of evangelicalism. A strong core of evangelical beliefs is not present in most of our young people, and will be less present in the future. This loss of “the core” has been at work for some time, and the fruit of this vacancy is about to become obvious.

…Despite some very successful developments in the last 25 years, Christian education has not produced a product that can hold the line in the rising tide of secularism. The ingrown, self-evaluated ghetto of evangelicalism has used its educational system primarily to staff its own needs and talk to itself. I believe Christian schools always have a mission in our culture, but I am skeptical that they can produce any sort of effect that will make any difference. Millions of Christian school graduates are going to walk away from the faith and the church.

A Rescue Mission?

A hope for all of evangelicalism is a “rescue mission” from the world Christian community. If all of evangelicalism could see the kind of renewal that has happened in conservative Anglicanism through the Anglican Mission in America and other mission efforts, much good would be done. It is time for missionaries to come to America from Asia and Africa. Will they come? Will they be able to bring to our culture a more vital form of Christianity? I do not know, but I hope and pray that such an effort happens and succeeds.

At present, most of evangelicalism is not prepared to accept pastors and leadership from outside our culture. Yet there can be little doubt that within our western culture there is very little evidence of an evangelicalism that can diagnose and repair itself.

Will This Prompt Change?

Will the coming evangelical collapse get evangelicals past the pragmatism and shallowness that has brought about its loss of substance and power? I tend to believe that even with large declines in numbers and an evidence “earthquake” of evangelical loyalty, the purveyors of the evangelical circus will be in full form, selling their wares as the promised solution to every church’s problems. I expect the landscape of megachurch vacuity to be around for a very long time. (I rejoice in those megachurches that fulfill their role as places of influence and resource for other ministries without insisting on imitation.)

Will the coming evangelical collapse shake loose the prosperity Gospel from its parasitical place on the evangelical body of Christ? We can all pray and hope that this will be so, but evidence from other similar periods is not encouraging. Coming to terms with the economic implications of the Gospel has proven particularly difficult for evangelicals. That’s not to say that American Christians aren’t generous….they are. It is to say that American Christians seldom seem to be able to separate their theology from an overall idea of personal affluence and success American style. Perhaps the time is coming that this entanglement will be challenged, especially in the lives of younger Christians.

I’ll end this adventure in prognostication with the same confession I began with: I’m not a prophet. My view of evangelicalism is not authoritative or infallible. I am certainly wrong in some of these predictions and possibly right, even too conservative on others. But is there anyone who is observing evangelicalism in these times who does not sense that the future of our movement holds many dangers and much potential? Does anyone think all will proceed without interruption or surprise?

• • •

Photo by Ben Kilgust at Flickr

No Good News Here

Built between 1743 and 1745, Augustus Lutheran Church is known as the shrine of American Lutheranism.
Built between 1743 and 1745, Augustus Lutheran Church is known as the shrine of American Lutheranism.

Let me begin today by saying that, though I have some familiarity with the workings of my particular denomination, I am certainly no expert when it comes to the mainline Protestant church in the U.S. I grew up in the United Methodist tradition and have been a member of an ELCA Lutheran church for many years now. I went through the ELCA candidacy process (or at least the process as it was altered to fit my unique situation) and gained some exposure to the denomination, at least in my synod. I have served in a variety of ways in my local congregation as well as a few other ELCA churches, and will be serving in a short-term capacity as a supply pastor this winter in a rural congregation in central Indiana.

It has been my experience considering ordination and dealing with two congregations needing pastors that has raised my concern for the decline of my denomination. And then I read the following report: The Supply and Demand for Clergy in the ELCA, and realized that the situation is truly critical.

Here are some of the things I found. These figures represent statistics from the years 2005-2014.

  • Between 2005 and 2014, the number of congregations in the ELCA decreased 11 percent, from 10,549 to 9,392 (‐1,157).
  • Not only did the number of congregations decline, but in the churches that remain, the number of baptized members declined by 22 percent, and the number of worship attendees declined by 29 percent.
  • About half of ELCA congregations are in rural areas or in small towns with a population of fewer than 10,000. Nearly 75% of ELCA congregations are in locations with 250,000 people or fewer.
  • Between 2005 and 2014, the income of a typical congregation in the ELCA declined by 23 percent.
  • In 2014, 6,192 single‐point congregations could afford to call a first-call pastor [the lowest level of remuneration], and 1,941 single‐point congregations could not. The median level of defined compensation those congregations were paying pastors was $26,000.
  • In 2005, there were 9,105 clergy serving congregations. In 2014, there were 6,868.
  • Seventy‐seven percent of the pastors serving under a congregational call in the ELCA are solo pastors serving a single congregation. Nine percent serve a single congregation as part of a team.
  • Enrollments in ELCA M.Div. programs have decreased from 1,252 in the 2004‐2005 academic year to 735 in the 2015‐ 2016 academic year. This represents a 41 percent decline.
  • In 1988, the average age on the active clergy roster was just above 46 years old. At that time, just over 9 percent of active clergy were above 60 years old. By 2013, the average age of clergy had increased to 54 years old, with 32 percent of active clergy above 60.

There is, simply, no good news in this report.

On the ground here in Indiana, I am a member of a church for which the synod has been unable to find an interim pastor. It’s a newer congregation (about 20 years old) with a solid core of people, great facilities, an excellent location, and a setting in a relatively wealthy community. Yet, apparently, no options exist at this point for someone to come in even in an interim role. This astounds me.

The other church, the one I will be serving this winter, has not had an official ELCA pastor for a dozen years now. They had an “interim,” an Episcopalian who served them for ten years, and then a retired ELCA pastor who was their supply pastor for the past two. I’m the only option they apparently have at this point for the short-term fix they need over the winter (one who has not been ordained according to Lutheran standards), and they’re talking about becoming a shared parish with another congregation to ensure their future.

In an article in the ELCA’s magazine, The Living Lutheran, which references this study, here is the conclusion they draw:

While the number of ELCA congregations that can afford a full-time minister has dropped steadily since 2005, there still aren’t enough pastors. …In short, the ELCA has fewer congregations, fewer members, fewer leaders and fewer financial resources.

…The ELCA is on pace to experience a major shortfall in full-time clergy. Parish pastors are retiring in record numbers, according to current data and projections from ELCA Research and Evaluation. This, coupled with decreased seminary enrollment, means there aren’t likely to be enough pastors for the number of open calls.

Jonathan Strandjord, ELCA program director for seminaries, calls it a “retirement tsunami,” stressing the shortfall isn’t a future problem. “It’s here,” he added. “We’re in the middle of it, and that clergy gap will continue to widen. In fact, the gap is wider than it has ever been.”

Exodus from U.S. Religion

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On Saturday we referenced a recent study released by PRRI (Public Religion Research Institute), called “Exodus: Why Americans are Leaving Religion—and Why They’re Unlikely to Come Back.” The study looked at a clear trend that must surely get our attention if we are concerned with the state of the church in the U.S. Let’s talk about it a bit more today.

The study noted that from 1991 to today, there has been a consequential shift in reported religious affiliation. In 1991, 6% of Americans identified themselves as unaffiliated (marking “none” as their formal religious identity). In 2016 that number has grown to 25%. Fully one-quarter of Americans claim no formal religious identity, which means that this group is now the single largest “religious group” in the U.S.

This data includes the following facts: “Today, nearly four in ten (39%) young adults (ages 18-29) are religiously unaffiliated — three times the unaffiliated rate (13%) among seniors (ages 65 and older). While previous generations were also more likely to be religiously unaffiliated in their twenties, young adults today are nearly four times as likely as young adults a generation ago to identify as religiously unaffiliated.” (emphasis added)

Furthermore, the growth of religiously unaffiliated people is made up mostly of those who have left religion — “the vast majority of unaffiliated Americans formerly identified with a particular religion.”

This trend is seen most clearly with regard to white Americans. Non-white religious groups have remained fairly stable, but white Christian groups, led by Catholics, have experienced the largest exodus of formerly affiliated.

Another disturbing trend is that those who have left religion present as being less likely to re-engage with a religious affiliation:

In the 1970s, only about one-third (34%) of Americans who were raised in religiously unaffiliated households were still unaffiliated as adults. By the 1990s, slightly more than half (53%) of Americans who were unaffiliated in childhood retained their religious identity in adulthood. Today, about two-thirds (66%) of Americans who report being raised outside a formal religious tradition remain unaffiliated as adults.

One important reason why the unaffiliated are experiencing rising retention rates is because younger Americans raised in nonreligious homes are less apt to join a religious tradition or denomination than young adults in previous eras. About three-quarters (74%) of Americans under the age of 50 who were raised nonreligious have maintained their lack of religious identity in adulthood. In contrast, only about half (49%) of Americans age 50 or older who were raised unaffiliated still identify that way.

Perhaps the most interesting and widely-reported finding of the study is that the most common cited reason for disaffiliation was a lack of belief in the teachings of religion.

The reasons Americans leave their childhood religion are varied, but a lack of belief in teaching of religion was the most commonly cited reason for disaffiliation. Among the reasons Americans identified as important motivations in leaving their childhood religion are: they stopped believing in the religion’s teachings (60%), their family was never that religious when they were growing up (32%), and their experience of negative religious teachings about or treatment of gay and lesbian people (29%). 

Fewer than one in five Americans who left their childhood religion point to the clergy sexual-abuse scandal (19%), a traumatic event in their life (18%), or their congregation becoming too focused on politics (16%) as an important reason for disaffiliating.

Most Americans who have left a religious tradition do not identify a particular negative experience or incident as the catalyst. Relatively few Americans who are now unaffiliated report their last experience in a church or house of worship was negative. In fact, more than two-thirds (68%) of unaffiliated Americans say their last time attending a religious service, not including a wedding or funeral service, was primarily positive. Only one in five (20%) unaffiliated Americans say their last visit to a religious congregation was mostly negative.

Unaffiliated Americans do not, however, generally view religion as something essential for themselves or society. About two-thirds of them say that “religion causes more problems in society than it solves,” and the same number don’t think religion is necessary in order to raise children with good moral values.

The study further broke down the identity of unaffiliated Americans into three sub-groups.

Rejectionists, who account for the majority (58%) of all unaffiliated Americans, say religion is not personally important in their lives and believe religion as a whole does more harm than good in society. Apatheists, who make up 22% of the unaffiliated, say religion is not personally important to them, but believe it generally is more socially helpful than harmful. Unattached believers, who make up only 18% of the unaffiliated, say religion is important to them personally.

Also, we must note that the idea that people are “spiritual” but “not religious” is not reflected by the results of this study.

The survey finds little evidence of a separate mode of “spirituality” distinct from “religiosity,” either among religious or religiously unaffiliated Americans. Rather, measures of traditional religiosity are positively correlated with self-identification as a “spiritual person.” Compared to other Americans, the religiously unaffiliated are considerably less likely to identify themselves as spiritual. Only four in ten unaffiliated Americans identify themselves as being very (14%) or moderately (26%) spiritual. Nearly six in ten say they are only slightly spiritual (26%) or not at all spiritual (32%). In contrast, more than two-thirds of Americans overall say they are very (30%) or moderately (38%) spiritual.

There are a few other aspects of the study, but these are the most pertinent with regard to the concerns of this blog. You can click the link at the beginning of this post and read the entire study report for yourself.

Let’s discuss these findings today.

Tomorrow, I want to look at the decline of American religion from another angle — one mainline denomination and a recent report on their churches and their supply and demand for clergy.

• • •

Related Reading

Why is Christianity declining?

Another Look: Together on a Stretch of Green

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Note from CM: In honor of Arnold Palmer, my first golf hero.

• • •

To begin with, as I say, my introduction to golf came when I started swinging myself out of my shoes with that old cut-down ladies’ club at age three and was taken by my father to the golf course, where I was permitted to ride on his lap while he was mowing fairways with gangmowers pulled by the club’s old Fordson steel-wheeled tractor.

• Arnold Palmer, A Golfer’s Life

My earliest memory of golf is a vague picture in my mind. I’m a little boy, four or five years old, running behind my dad who is pulling a golf cart on a flat stretch of green in Galesburg, Illinois. It seems to me he let me take a swing every now and then, and I recall chasing the occasional gopher and noticing their holes as we made our way around the course.

Several years later, when I was old enough to mow the lawn, I set the blades low and mowed a circle in our back yard, dug a hole and worked on it until I could fit a can in it for a cup. I can’t remember if I put together a makeshift flag on a stick or not, but at any rate, I had my own green, my own golf hole.

It was a dogleg left. I teed off from the front yard and tried to hook the little plastic golf ball through the narrow side yard around the house’s back corner to the hole. Those little plastic spheres didn’t putt too well on the rough surface, so I would replace them with a real dimpled ball from my father’s golf bag. Sometimes I got tired of hitting the plastic balls too — it really wasn’t very satisfying — so I’d tee up a real golf ball and take a whack at it. Until I broke my parents’ bedroom window a couple of times and real golf balls became verboten in the yard.

My father has always loved the game. When he wasn’t playing, he was watching it on TV. Wherever they’ve lived, he has belonged to a club or played in a league. When he retired early, he and mom ultimately found themselves relocating to a community in Tennessee noted for its golf courses. They still live there and he plays a few times a week.

At various times in my life, I have played too, but I’ve never become a “golfer.” My buddies and I used to play in high school, but I hardly ever played while I was in college. Where we lived in Vermont in our initial ministry, the local club let pastors play unlimited golf for $50.00 a year. (Honey, why did we leave Vermont again?)

Seminary years again found me preoccupied with studies and work and starting a family and pastoring a church. Guess what? Not too much time for golf, though I used to play with guys from church occasionally. It wasn’t until we moved to Indianapolis and I joined the staff of a church whose pastor was a golf fanatic that I started playing regularly. We had outings and trips and leagues, and I enjoyed every moment — though I’m sure I still owe my wife big time for all the time away while she was taking care of kids. When I left that church, I still played some, but not nearly as much. Too much time, and too much money — plain and simple. That was over ten years ago, and I’ve never gotten back on track with a regular golf game.

I still love to watch golf on TV, especially since having gone to watch some tournaments in person and realizing how amazingly good the pros are. I help with a charity golf tournament each year to raise money for a friend’s foundation that honors his late son.

And last week I had the treat of playing in that tournament with my dad.

With a couple of my friends from church, we made it ’round the course and did pretty well, enjoying the company, the brilliant blue skies, and knowing that we were supporting a good cause.

There we were, just a few guys who enjoy a game. Like baseball, the game I love best, golf is a pastoral activity that is as much about what happens between the action as it is about the action itself.

It’s also one of those games that is about fathers and sons.

Last week we took another one of those walks together — a little slower, stopping more often. Lots of other folks were swinging the clubs too, some of them focused and competitive. I didn’t see any gophers. But my dad and I were together on a stretch of green, chasing a little white ball together.

I can’t think of too many other places I’d rather be.